Plagiarism and the Internet :: Cheating Education Essays

Plagiarism and the InternetMy first memory of plagiarism is from grade school. I can remember having to do book reports. The teacher would always say, write this report using your declare vocalizes, do not just copy out of the book. So what did we do, we utilise a combination of both. In grade school we didnt realize the seriousness of plagiarism. For the most part we didnt even really understand what the word meant. It was something the teacher talked about when she assigned essays or book reports.Websters dictionary defines plagiarism as this, to take and use as ones own the ideas or piece of writings of an opposite. I would suspect plagiarism is as old as the written language. Inevitably, as soon as person committed their thoughts to paper, someone else read it and used the words to express themselves without giving credit.Plagiarism goes on in all aspects of our society. It does not discriminate. Plagiarism is an issue in our schools, on our college campuses, and in our medi a. It weaves its thread through our entire culture. The news media and book publishers are all too aware of the nasty concept of plagiarism. Just recently the author J. K. Rowlings of the best-selling(predicate) Harry Potter series came under heavy fire. She was accused of stealing another female authors ideas. It seems in the early 80s this author published books about the character Larry Potter. Her character names were the same as those in the J. K. Rowlings series. The differences between the characters in the two series were what the characters rattling were. Nimbus is a name used in both series. Nimbus in the Harry Potter series is a broom, however in the other authors series Nimbus was an actual being.So, there in lies the crux of the matter. Almost every article I read, mentioned the importance of intent. Did the writers style of writing lead him in the direction to naturally produce the work or did the writer intentionally pass off someone elses work as their own. In the above mentioned case, J. K. Rowlings stated Harry came to her fully formed. She did not willing use the other authors ideas. In the news media pointing the finger of plagiarism at a journalist can set off an event similar to the Salem Witch trials. Plagiarism is taken very seriously in the news media. later on all, credibility is at stake, not to mention ratings as well.

Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury :: Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451

Fahrenheit 451 Ray BradburyGuy Montag is a fireman in the future in charge of burning books. On his way home from take a crap one evening, he meets his new neighbor, an inquisitive 17-year-old girl named Clarisse McClellan.She asks him about his job and tells him she comes from a strange family that does such peculiar things as talk to each other and walk places (being a pedestrian is, like reading, against the law). She askshim if he is happy and then disappears into her house. The meeting disturbs Montag, who is not used to talking with people. He goes home and realizes he is not happy, that his appearance of happiness upto this point has been just a mask. He finds his wife, Mildred, in bed listening to earplug radios, just as he has found her each night for the past two years. He finds an empty bottle of sleeping pills by her bedand calls the emergency hospital just as a sonic boom from a squadron of jet bombers shakes the house. The hospital sends out two workers with machin es that pump Mildreds stomach and replace all her bloodwith fresh blood. Montag goes outside and listens to the laughter and the voices approach path from the McClellan house. Montag goes in again and considers all that has happened to him that night and feels terribly disoriented as he takes a sleep lozenge and dozes off.The next day, Mildred remembers nothing about her act suicide and denies it when Montag tries to tell her about it. He leaves for work and finds Clarisse outside walking in the rain, catching it in her gumshield. She rubs a dandelion under her chin and says it marrow shes in love when the pollen rubs off on her. She rubs it under his chin, but no pollen rubs off. She asks him why he chose to be a fireman and says he is unlike the others she has met, who go away not talk to her or listen to what she says to them. He tells her to get along to her appointment with her psychiatrist. After she is gone, he tilts hishead back and catches the rain in his mouth for a f ew moments.Montag reaches down to touch the Mechanical Hound in the fire station, and it growls at him and threatens him. Montag tells Captain Beatty what happened and suggests that someone may have

The Impressionist Movement :: essays research papers fc

Impressionism was a achievement that occurred in both art and poetry. It was a time in which the people broke from the conventional standards or styles. They wanted to bring new ways of expressing their ideas to their societies. These ideas were seen through subjects of interest, such as art and poetry. Claude Monets Woman with a Parasol Madame Monet and Her Son and William pantryman Yeatss The Wild Swans at Coole both characterize important aspects of the Impressionist Age.The word impressionism is mostly associated with the artistic movement. The first time this term was used with destination to art was when one writer was speaking of a painting by Claude Monet, called Impression Sunrise (1872, Musee Marmottan, Paris). The term was first officially used in 1877 (Impressionism). The artists of this movement were characterized as impressionists because of their simplified works (Monet, Claude Oscar). They were part of a group in which the artists shared similar styles and techni ques between 1867 and 1886. Some of the important artists were Monet, Renoir, Pisarro, Sisley, Morisot, as well as a few others (Pioch). Monet and Renoir both painted scenes of La Grenouillere. Their work signified the beginning of this new age of art (Mataev). The Impressionist Movement grew because these painters wanted a different style, a new technique, and paintings with more unique subjects. The popular paintings of the time were all approved by the Academie des Beaux Arts. The standard type of paintings that were most usually approved included a scale of tones for forming shapes and blacks and browns for making shadows. These classical paintings were realistic, usually of scenes indoors. Impressionists turned from this traditional art and began to paint their subjects outside, using unarranged light. These paintings were more spur-of-the-moment type, and appeared less(prenominal) realistically (Impressionism). There are certain characteristics that set impressionist art apar t from all other styles of art.Impressionists, both in art and poetry, portrayed grand images of their subjects by using their styles or techniques. They often captured scenes with vivid color, with great light effects, and with motion (Sporre 525). The impressionist painters tried to view their subjects not as what they really were, that as different areas of color, shapes and light. They commonly used quick, free brush strokes of non-detailed spots of color. This method created a lively appearance (Sporre 527). Impressionists did not mix their colors, as the rather artists had done.

Essay --

Explaining Consciousness Provides Physicalism With Challenges That Place Limits On Scientific Knowledge, And What It Can Uncover active ConsciousnessConsciousness is one of those topics that are in the position of trying to understand ones deliver organism with ones own organism. The topic of thought is so elusive that it mirrors child hood games of trying to catch your own shadow. In the World of philosophy, discerning the truth nigh cognisance is no childish game. Materialist J.J.C Smart and philosopher Thomas Nagel agree that qualia exist, but are diametrically opposed when it takes to what brain is. In this paper I will debate for Nagels point of view that consciousness falls extraneous the nucleus of scientific explanation. Physicalism cannot objectively exhibit consciousness using scientific methods because consciousness cannot be reduced to material parts. If Smarts reductionist view points were correct, where as physics can explain all there is to know about everyth ing in the universe, then why does consciousness seem to evade physical laws of investigation? Explaining consciousness provides physicalism with challenges that place limits on scientific knowledge, and what it can uncover about consciousness. J.J.C Smart proposes that a scientific explanation of consciousness must fall with in universal physical laws. Furthermore, if science could not explain consciousness within scientific laws, than we would have a problem called a nomological dangler. For Smart, this is unbelievable. It would seem that this move by Smart is one based on scientific bias. The record of consciousness rests in the experience of the first person account, and if philosophy of mind is to have a complete scientific knowledge of the... ...the sense that they are slowly detectable. Physically looking for something that does not have a physical structure is like trying to get rid of the left by going to the indemnify side. Ultimately, science is looking in the wrong d irection because it cannot by default take into consideration first person quotes. In conclusion, it is very difficult to come up with scientific solutions to the problem of consciousness. Science may never be able to solve the mysteries of qualia. New methods might need to be introduced to uncover in-person experience that lie far off in the future. Philosophers will just need to continue in their search for a complete theory of a science of mind. In addition, humility within the sciences may go along way towards an understanding of consciousness. We do not know what consciousness means outside the frame of personality- Albert Einstein

Everyday Use Essay: Sisters with Nothing in Common :: Everyday Use essays

Sisters with No thin outg in Common in E veryday utilize When two children are brought up by the same parent in the same environment, one might logically conclude that these children will be very similar, or at least have comparable qualities. In Alice Walkers Everyday Use, however, this is not the case. The only thing Maggie and Dee share in common is the fact that they were some(prenominal) raised by the same woman in the same home. They differ in appearance, personality, and ideas that concern the family artifacts. Maggie is not as kind as Dee. She is a thin and awkward girl. Her mother notes good looks passed her by (88). Furthermore, she carries herself like someone with low self-esteem, chin on chest, eyes on ground (87). On the other hand, Dee is an attractive woman. Her mother describes Dee as having, nice hair and a full figure (87). Dee takes pride in the her appearance. She dresses in fashionable clothes. When Dee arrives for her visit, her mother says, Even h er feet were always neat-looking (88). withal their appearances, Maggie and Dee have unique personalities. When Maggie is first introduced in the story, she is nervous about her sisters visit. In fact, Dees arrival makes Maggie so uncomfortable that she tries to flee to the safety of the house (88). Maggie is also scare by Dee, as shown when Maggie is unable to confront Dee about the quilts. Maggie gives in and says that Dee may have the quilts because she is not used to winning (91). Unlike Maggie, Dee is a bold modern woman (88). As a young girl, Dee has never been afraid to express herself. Her mother remembers that she would always look anyone in the eye. Hesitation was no part of her record (87). Dee also shows herself to be selfish when she sets her sights on the butter churn. Dee does not seem to care that her family is still using the churn. She states that she will display part of it in her alcove, and do something artistic with the rest of it (90). The f amily artifacts are important to both Maggie and Dee, but for different reasons. Maggie values the family quilts for their sentiment and

Everyday Use Essay: Sisters with Nothing in Common :: Everyday Use essays

Sisters with Nothing in Common in Everyday Use When two children are brought up by the same parent in the same environment, one might logically conclude that these children will be very similar, or at least put one over comparable qualities. In Alice Walkers Everyday Use, however, this is not the case. The only thing Maggie and Dee share in common is the fact that they were both raised by the same charwoman in the same home. They differ in appearance, personality, and ideas that concern the family artifacts. Maggie is not as attractive as Dee. She is a thin and awkward girl. Her mother notes good looks passed her by (88). Furthermore, she carries herself like someone with low self-esteem, chin on chest, eyes on ground (87). On the other hand, Dee is an attractive woman. Her mother describes Dee as having, nice haircloth and a full figure (87). Dee takes pride in the her appearance. She dresses in fashionable clothes. When Dee arrives for her visit, her mother says, Even her feet were always neat-looking (88). Besides their appearances, Maggie and Dee have unique personalities. When Maggie is first introduced in the story, she is nervous about her sisters visit. In fact, Dees arrival makes Maggie so uncomfortable that she tries to flee to the safety of the house (88). Maggie is also intimidated by Dee, as shown when Maggie is unable to show Dee about the quilts. Maggie gives in and says that Dee may have the quilts because she is not used to winning (91). Unlike Maggie, Dee is a bold teenaged woman (88). As a young girl, Dee has never been afraid to express herself. Her mother remembers that she would always look anyone in the eye. Hesitation was no part of her nature (87). Dee also shows herself to be selfish when she sets her sights on the butter churn. Dee does not seem to care that her family is still using the churn. She states that she will display part of it in her alcove, and do something artistic with the rest of it (90). T he family artifacts are all important(p) to both Maggie and Dee, but for different reasons. Maggie values the family quilts for their sentiment and

Distributive Justice and Its Relevance Under Indian Constitution

PAPER ON THE TOPIC THE PHILOSOPHY OF DISTRUBUTIVE evaluator AND ITS relevancy UNDER INDIAN CONSTITUTIONThe jurisprudence of permeant evaluator, according to juristic cynics, is an essay in illusion. The basic sociable system is built on piggish inequalities and the power to lobby and mould State policy, even judicial policy, is heavily in the hands of the proprietariat. Being friendly realists and meliorists we waste to work with the materials that we sacrifice and test to read the constitutional provisions in such a manner that the human essence of dispersive jurist is won by dynamic comment and socialist understanding.The Indian theme visualizes an affirmative State action for begining more or less a new social order ground on justness, social, frugal and political (Art. 38). The Directive Principles of State Policy contain the directions of salmagundi towards such a new social order. The researcher has examined various theories of rightness and has examine how t he tail end Rawls theory of justice which room that justice is fairness is the nigh apt for the Indian situation. Even in the writing we find different strategies of justice. Keywords Justice, permeative Justice, geological formation.INTRODUCTIONEver since the birth of bon ton, justice has been one of the most important quests of human endeavor. Justice means giving one what is due to him. As a principle of rightfulness, justice delimits and harmonises the conflicting desires, claims and interests in the social lifetime of the nation. In the modern cab atomic number 18t if we channel the view that only its problem of distri furtherion then the recourse is go away open to permeating justice and nonhing else. Distri howeverive justice embraces the total economic dimension of social justice, the entire question of distri stillion of goods and services at bottom the participation.It demands equality in the distribution or allotment of advant maturates or burdens. The aim of distributive justice is to strike a balance in the socio-economic structure of the society and bring equipoise between the conflicting interests of individual citizens. It is submitted that the problem of distributive justice in one sense is more a matter of adjectival fairness to individuals than of substantive rightness or wrongness of the rules themselves. More specifically, it would seem that even bad rules female genitalia be applied justly and good rules in an unjust way, but it does not mean that it is not the concern of the substantive law.Much will depend upon the structure of the society. To establish distributive justice we moldiness spend a penny a public system of rules by reference to which the conflicting claims which inevitably arise basis be authoritatively determined. Distributive justice essentially is the live of a just society. The problems of Indian society ar so complex, perplex and varied that a single formula for distributive justice cannot be f ound. The establishment of India talks of justice in the Preamble as well as in Article 38 of the Constitution which is a directive principle of relegate policy.The Constitution talks not of justice but of social, economic and political justice. It does not merely envisage a system of corrective justice in which rights and obligations arising out of the present social structure are enforced. It clearly saw that the existing structure was unjust and needed to be changed. This is what we call distributive justice.PHILOSOPHY OF JUSTICE AND DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICEEver since men take aim begun to reflect upon their relations with each other and upon the vicissitudes of human lot, they take away been preoccupied with the meaning of justice.Justice shares with natural law an institutional immortality which presents a constant par bickeringx it is so ancient that e very(prenominal)thing has been give tongue to about it, and so modern that it constitutes a continuous and inescapable problem in the ever-changing mount of a contemporary society. Justice, as Aristotle said, is the bond of men in society. and States without justice are as St. Augustine said, robber-bands. Fiat justitia ruat coelum let heavens fall, justice had to be through became the abstraction of many religious, political, moral and legal philosophers of all ages.The power of justice is so great that it strengthens and excites a person fighting for just cause. All wars have been fought by all parties in the name of justice, and same is true of the political conflict between social classes. On the other hand, the very fact of this approximately ubiquitous applicability of the principle of justice prompts the suspicion that something may be wrong with an idea that can be invoked for any cause. Social groupings of today are dynamic, not static, and they do not find the ideal equipoise in a condition of mere imperturbability.Justice is considered to be the primary goal of a upbeat state whose very exi stence in turn rests on the parameters of justice. The greatest contrast, however, between ancient and modern thinking about the social harmony of justice is in the changed planion of individual spirit in relation of law. I. The problem of Justice The importance of the subject of justice and the frequency of its use would naturally acquire one to believe that there is an accepted definition of justice or, if not, at least a workable definition of justice is capable of universe forge out.But defining justice is not as easy as it appears to be. There are difficulties inherent in the concept of justice and it is because of this reason that it is wholly enigmatical and belies all attempts to define it. Hens Kelsen perturbedly remarked No other question has been discussed so passionately no other question has caused so much precious blood and so many bitter tears to be shed no other question has been the object of so much intensive thinking by the most illustrious thinkers from Pla to to Kant and yet, this question is today as unanswered as it ever was.It seems that it is one of those questions to which the resigned wisdom applies that man cannot find a definitive answer, but can tho try to improve the question. What is just is again a question which largely remains unanswered and mostly hinges on the hunch of the bench as it nowhere informs us how to recognise or distinguish a just man from the other. The term justice has dickens aspects, namely, abstract justice and concrete justice. In the abstract sense justice means a course of conduct some(prenominal) legel and moral, which tends to augment human welfare.Those human actions which do not spoil man soma have no significance either for ethics or for jurisprudence. The answer to the question as to what actions affect human welfare varies from age to age or generation t generation depending on divergent conceptions of human welfare prevailing in a presumption society during a given period of time. It is through the abstract notion of justice that its true significance in its practical application can be as certain(prenominal)ed and appreciated. In the concrete sense, justice plays a positive position in regulating the procedural safeguards afforded to litigants in the courts of law. II.Meaning of Justice and Distributive Justice Grotius and Leibniz believed in the concept of society as the co-operation of creations endowed with reason defined justice as custodia societatis Justum est quod societatum ratione utentium perfecit. This means justice puts an end to the conflict between the individual and the universal, the microcosm and the macrocosm, and brings about the synthesis between the whole and the parts. Justice thus seems to entail the conflict of competing claims and not infrequently the clash of powerful social interests with the right of individuals ensnared from time to time in the mechanism of raison d Etat.That is why justice is by its very essence a justitia communis , which reconciles in itself and transcends the commutative, distributive, and universal principles. To Plato, justice is a virtue of that psyche or soul which is the quint-essential personality of human creature. In the Republic the quest is for justice as the complete expression of the souls excellences and, therefore, of the whole moral man. Plato tells us that the four overbearing moral qualities both in state and the individual are wisdom, courage, temperance or moderation and justice and the greatest of these, the indispensable, is justice.Aristotle said that justice implies a certain degree of equality this equality might, however, be either arithmetical or geometrical, the first based on identity and the second on proportionality and equivalence. arithmetic equality leads to commutative justice, geometrical equality to distributive justice. The second is the business of the legislator, while the first is the business of the judge. Political rights and goods should be appor tioned according to distributive justice, punishments should be imposed and damages paid according to commutative justice.The theory of justice thus involves an examination of the body of rights and duties accepted in a society in the light of the formal principles of equality, the aim being to rid it of discretionary elements that is discrimination not grounded on relevant differences. According to John Stuart Mill, a society which is governed by the legal philosophy of distributive justice is one which Should treat all equally well who have de replyd equally well of it, that is, who have deserved equally well absolutely.This is the highest abstract standard of social and distributive justice towards which all institutions and the efforts of all virtuous citizens should be made in the cessation degree to converge. It is thus universally considered just that each person should obtain that (whether good or evil) which he deserves and unjust that he should obtain a good, or be made to undergo an evil, which he does not deserve. This is perhaps the clearest and most emphatic form in which the idea of justice is conceived by the general mind. As it involves the idea of desert the question arises of what constitutes desert.The characteristic of distributive justice is the expansion of the spirit of collectivism, the promotion of the feeling of co-operation and the exercise by society of its collective powers in support of the legitimate claims of individual life. Its formula is to every man according to his needs rather than to every man according to his deserts. The distributive justice considers how it can untouchable too each individual a standard of living and such a share in the values of civilization as shall establish possible a full existence of human life.In all these ways, the notion of justice according to law is gradually pervaded by the notion of justice and the distributive justice in the law. III. Concept of Distributive Justice Modern social an d economic developments have made it clear that individual justice, justice between the offender and the victim is only a partial and incomplete form of justice and it is in the notion of distributive justice, i. e. , rendering to each man his due, the essence of justice lies.The development of the welfare state is generally thought of as an application of the notion of distributive justice. Moreover, the cry for equality of opportunity for the underprivileged and weaker sections of the society is being increasingly heard these days and this demonstrates the importance of the notion of distributive justice in modern consciousness. Distributive justice embraces the whole economic dimension of social justice, the entire question of proper distribution of goods and services within the society.It demands equality in the distribution or allotment of advantages or burdens. The advantages or burdens which are to be distributed are of numerous kinds such as wages, taxes, property, punishmen ts, individual or social performances or rights and duties as allocated and apportioned by the legal system. Distributive justice aims to strike a balance in the socio- economic structure of the society to bring equipoise between the conflicting desires, interests and claims of the individual citizens. Justice P. N.Bhagwati succinctly explains distributive justice as And when I talk of justice, I mean not commutative justice but distributive justice, justice in depth, justice which penetrates and destroys inequalities of race, sex, and wealth, justice which is not confined to a fortunate few, but takes within its baffle the entire people of the country, justice which ensures equitable distribution of the social, material and political resources of the community. This is the kind of justice which we in India are trying to realize through the process of law and our substantive law is being geared to this task.Distributive justice includes the quality of being just and fair to all the individuals in the society or group. It seeks to give everyone what is due to him. What is due cannot be ascertained by absolute standards because the standards change with changes in the socio-economic conditions of the society. It does not mean only a just distribution of the material goods of life, but also means and includes the reasonable requirements of human body, mind and spirit. It takes in both the means and the end, the process as well as the product.It seeks to meet out justice through just means, unjust means may satisfy some, but cause injustice to others. Distributive justice means justice to all and not to a few or a favored class. It does not asseverate class conflicts, but seeks to improve and harmonise the society with a view to avoid the socio- economic imbalances. The readjustment of social claims may involve a channelise of resources from one section of the society to another, but the transfer is only an equitable reallocation of the resources and not a dest ruction of the structure itself.Distributive justice demands preferential intercession of the weaker sections of the society, but that is only to correct the imbalances existing in the society and not to cause unnecessary harassment or injustice to the good sections thereof. Thus, it seeks to remove the imbalances in the social, economic and political life of the people. There cannot be distributive justice unless the society progresses in all the directions. In short distributive justice helps to bring about a just society.The right to distributive justice may be defined as the right of the weak, aged, destitute, poor, women, children, and other underprivileged and downtrodden segments of the society to the aegis of the state against the ruthless competition of life. It seeks to give adventitious aids to the underprivileged, so that they may have an equal opportunity to compete boldly with the more advanced sections of the society. It is a bundle of rights in one sense it is car ved out of other rights in another sense, it is a preserver of other rights.It is the balancing wander between the haves and have- nots. Its aim is not to pull down the advanced sections of the society, but only to uplift the backwards and the underprivileged sections thereof without unduly and unreasonably effecting and undermining the interests of the former. It only prevents unjust enrichment at the expense of the underprivileged and ensures a balanced and harmonious development of the society. It is this approach and understanding of the concept of distributive justice which permeates the Indian Constitution and is adopted here for the purposes of this work.This takes us to the study of principles of distributive justice which serve as the criteria for evaluating the propriety or justice of distribution. IV. Theories of justice The theories which take in their sweep the above mentioned principles of distributive justice are Utilitarian, and Contractarian. The former represent s an established tradition of ethical thought, though subject to continuing refinements and restatements. The later owes much to John Rawls, who, in recent times has most illuminatingly used the idea of primordial social contract to arrive at the basic principles of justice.It is often reiterated that the theories of justice must take into consideration at least three important facets of distributive process a) The total amount of goods (or utility) to the distributed b) The pattern of distribution arrived at and c) The distributional procedure describe aptly as the principle of selection by means of which the distribution is arrived at. An attempt is made here to examine the different facets of these theories and to ascertain the limit to which they satisfy the demands of distributive justice.Utilitarian system of Justice Utilitarianism is essentially an aggressive theory. Its premise is the greatest good of the greatest number. Justice in its essence is distributive in character . The three principles of justice enumerated above demand that a persons share of good should be proportional to some quality he possesses. It is, therefore, improbable that utilitarian theory will be able to accommodate principles whose form contrasts directly with that of the greatest happiness principle.It is submitted that why someone committed to aggregating good should wish well how that good is distributed among different people. The main weakness of the utilitarian theory from the perspectives of distributive justice is that it accords a paramount role to the quantity of good or welfare distribution. This has been pointed out by Brandit in the avocation words If quantity of welfare can be raised by a grossly unequal distribution- for instance, as in an efficient system of slavery- then we have to favour inequality.Equality, on utilitarian scheme, is a servant of quantity of welfare. John Rawls takes this insight as his first point in developing a contractual theory of j ustice which is intended to remedy the deficiencies of utilitarianism. It may thus seem that the utilitarian theory does not bring home the expectations of society because our needs and desires differ qualitatively and are mutually incommensurable.Man harbours the most varied needs, for example the need for food, rest and sleep, occupation, sexual activity, kitchen-gardening and knowledge, artistic experience and recreation, love and respect, power and social esteem, etc. If all the needs of an individual cannot be satisfied, and if he is faced with a choice, for example, between listening to symphony and eating a good dinner, this choice cannot be described as a rational alternative between two measurable quantities of pleasure. Contractarian Theory of JusticeAccording to John Rawls Each person possesses an inviolability founded on justice that even the welfare of society as a whole cannot override. Rawls understands society as a co-operative venture for mutual advantage. In a co -operative society, there is a social union and a shared end, conceived not as a substantive goal, but as a plan of conduct which will assure that the endowments of each will be complementary to the good of all. The actual differences between individuals in hurt of natural abilities, social advantages, wealth, etc. are viewed as a cause of social discord the differences tempt men to pursue their own advantage, what all have in common is a moral personality and this must be the basis of justice. The utilitarian theory fails to accommodate this very conception of justice. To replace it, Rawls has offered the following principles of justice All social primary goods- liberty and opportunity, income and wealth, and the bases of self- respect are to be distributed equally unless an unequal distribution of any, or all, of these goods is to the advantage of the least favoured.V. The ingrained Scheme of Distributive Justice Indian Constitution opens with the preamble which states in unequi vocal terms that the people of India have solemnly resolved to secure to all its citizens Justice social, economic and political, equality of status and of opportunity and to boost among them all fraternity assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the nation.The Objectives Resolution from which this enunciate has been carved out states This Constituent Assembly declares its firm and solemn resolve to proclaim India as an Independent Sovereign Republic and to draw up for her emerging governance a Constitution a) Wherein shall be guaranteed and secured to all the people of India justice, social, economic and political equality of status, of opportunity, and before the law freedom of thought, expression, belief, faith, worship, vocation, association and action, subject to law and public morality and b) Wherein adequate safeguards shall be yieldd for minorities, backward and tribal areas, and depressed and other backward classes. Referring to socio- eco nomic justice, Dr. S.Radhakrishnan said that it intended to effect a fluid and rapid transition from a state of serfdom to one of freedom. Then emphasizing the need for such a change, he said, it is therefore necessary that we must remake the material conditions. The phrases thus used by the Founding Fathers clearly indicate that socio-economic justice in its realization is distributive in character. It contemplates a change in social structure in order to effect a transition from serfdom to freedom and attempts to remake the material conditions of the society. Granville Austin has also spy The Constitution was to foster the achievement of many goals. Transcendent among them was that of social revolution. Through this revolution would be fulfilled the basic eeds of the common man, and, it was hoped, this revolution would bring about natural changes in the structure of the Indian society. Thus, the scheme of distributive justice as visualized in the Objectives resolution was incor porated in the preamble, the fundamental rights and the directive principles of state policy and other provisions of the Constitution.You can read alsoJustice System Position PaperThe gist of the scheme may be stated thus Constitution ordains the state to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting as effectively as it may a social order in which justice- social, economic and political shall inform all the institutions of national life. For the establishment of social order, the people of India have been given the following fundamental rights a) reclaim to equality ) Right to six freedoms- freedom of speech and expression to assemble peaceably and without arms to form associations or unions to move freely throughout the grunge of India to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade or business c) Right to life and personal liberty d) Right against exploitation e) Right to freedom of religi on f) Cultural and educational rights g) Right to constitutional remedies. In addition to these, the directive principles of state policy also express in categorical terms the ideals of distributive justice. Article 38 requires the state inter-alia, to minimize the inequalities in income and endeavor to eliminate inequalities in status, facilities and opportunities, not only amongst individuals, but also amongst groups of people residing in different areas or engaged in different vocations.Article 39 requires the state to make available to all the citizens adequate means of livelihood to distribute ownership and control of material resources so as to sub serve the common good to operate the economic system in such a way that it does not result in concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment that there is equal pay for equal work to protect the health and strength of workers men and women and the tender age of children against squall and that citizens are not forced by economic necessity to enter avocations unsuited to their age and strength, that children are given opportunities and facilities to develop in a muscular manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity and that childhood and youth are protected against exploitation and against moral and material abandonment.The state is also required to provide equal justice through the mechanism of free legal aid in order to ensure that opportunities for securing justice are not denied to any citizens by reason of economic or other disabilities to provide right to work, to education and public assistance in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement and other cases of undeserved want to make provision for securing just and humane conditions of work and for maternity relief, to provide work, a living wage, conditions of work ensuring a decent standard of life and full enjoyment of leisure and social and cultural opportunities to secure the participation of workers in the management of undertakings, establishments or other organizations engaged in industry to secure for all the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the country, to provide free and compulsory education for children below the age of 14 years to promote the educational and economic interests of the Scheduled castes and Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections to raise the level of nutrition and standard of living and to improve the public health. Thus, it can be said that the Constitution of India has twin objectives First, to usher in a new social order ensuring distributive justice to all the citizens and second, to protect the liberties of the people from the onslaughts of autocratic and arbitrary power. These two ideas run like a golden fabric through the entire scheme of the Constitution.Indeed, the substantive and the procedural provisions of the Constitution harmonizing the said two concepts give a new philosophy and sustenance to our socialist, democratic republic based on rule of law. But to our dismay, many of the legislative actions destined at distributive justice pursuance to the implementation of the directive principles of state policy were struck down by the courts from time to time. The directives have been relegated to the position of inferiority. The bewildering judgments of the Supreme chat up right from the days of Champakam Dorairajan,Quaresh, Kerela Education Bill, including the Golaknath, the Bank Nationalisation, the Privy Purse and the Minerva Mills have shattered all the hopes of the Government to implement the directive principles of state policy.These ecisions feeble the state machinery and paralysed the movement of the nation towards an equalitarian social order. These decisions represent a saga of judicial misunderstanding of the avowed ideals of the Constitution. This approach is inherently inconsistent with the spirit of the Constitution ignoring the realities of the Indian societal structure. The poverty of the Indian masse s cannot be mitigated by eulogizing the fundamental liberties and mellowing down the positive efforts of state destined at distributive justice. The Constitutional goals of distributive justice can be achieved only if the courts adopt a pragmatic and sociological approach without making such ado about the rights in interpreting socio-economic legislations.It is submitted that both fundamental rights and directive principles of state policy aim at establishing a just social order based on the philosophy of distributive justice ensuring dignity to the individual not only to the few privileged persons, but to the entire masses of the country including the have nots and the handicapped, the lowliest and the lost. Both these represent a broad spectrum of human rights. The concept of distributive justice as embodied in the Constitution is a living concept of revolutionary import. It gives sustenance to the rule of law and meaning and significance to the ideals of a welfare state. The free doms guaranteed under the Constitution are not an end in itself, but the means to achieve distributive justice.Our Constitution is the unique document for the upliftment of the down-trodden and weaker sections of the society. The greatest need of the hour, therefore, in our society in social integration of the weaker and oppressed sections of the people with the rest of the society. This demonstrates that our Constitution does not leave the individual at the mercy of the law of nature representative of competitive modal of society. It assigns a prominent role to and imposes heavy responsibilities upon the state to assure a dignified life to each individual irrespective of what he deserves on meritarian consideration. Yet, in a way it incorporates the need-based principle of justice.It means securing to each and every human being the basic necessities of life like food, clothing, housing, medicine, education and the like etc. This is the voice of distributive justice and the very Dha rma of the Indian Constitution. 1 . Sudesh Kumar Sharma, Distributive justice under Indian Constitution, Deep & Deep Publications, New Delhi, 1989 2 . http//www. spotlaw. in/text/910011996/9100119961206001. htm (accessed on 9 display 2013) 3 . http//www. spotlaw. in/text/910011996/9100119961206001. htm (accessed on 9 march 2013) 4 . Sudesh Kumar Sharma, Distributive justice under Indian Constitution, Deep & Deep Publications, New Delhi, 1989 5 . VII Encyclopaedia of Social Sciences, 512 (1953) 6 .Quoted by Justice George Vadakkel in his paper entitled Law, lawyers and political development, Vol. VIII (4), Journal of Bar Council of India, 629 at 635 (1981). 7 . Address by Justice P. N Bhagwati at the opening session of the Sixth Commonwealth Law Conference on 18th August, 1980 in The challenge of social justice, 20-21 (1985). 8 . John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (1976 Reprint) 9 . R. B. Brandit, Ethical Theory, 415 (1959) 10 . John Rawls, Distributive Jusitce in P. Laslett and W. G. Runciman (ed. ), Philosophy, Politics and Society, tertiary ser. 50 (1967) 11 . I C A. D 59 12 . II C A. D. 269 13 . II C A. D. 273 14 .Granville Austin, The Indian Constitution Cornerstone of a Nation, introduction (1979 Reprint) 15 . Art. 38(1) 16 . Art. 14 to 18 17 . Art. 19(1)(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (g). 18 . Art. 20 to 22 19 . Art. 23 and 24 20 . Art. 25 to 28 21 . Art. 29 to 30 22 . Art. 32 23 . Art. 38(2) 24 . Art. 39(a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f). 25 . Art. 39-A 26 . Art. 42 27 . Art. 43 28 . Art. 43 A 29 . Art. 44 30 . Art. 45 31 . Art. 46 32 . Art. 47 33 . 1951 SCR 525 34 . AIR 1958 SC 731 35 . AIR 1958 SC 956 36 . AIR 1967 SC 1643 37 . AIR 1970 SC 607 38 . (1971) 1 SCJ 295 39 . (1980) 3 SCC 625

Review of Own Leadership Behaviour Essay

B Braun Medical Ltd is one of the worlds leading healthcare suppliers. Our high societys success mess be attributed to its employees persuasion in the overall goal of the company and the dedication to achieve them.I work inwardly the Supply Chain Customer Care Department as a Leader of the Emerald Prescription Service, a home delivery business supplying long or short term patients delivery off pore and incontinence products to there home address.We are a dedicated, compassionate police squad consisting of six personnel, we look after approximately 2,000 patients who use our service around the UK.We as a team pride ourselves on the fact we are all cross trained and have the ability to undergo anyones role if required. I as a leader believe it is important for everyone in the team including myself to be able to carry out any of our procedures with confidence and ease. Various roles within our team are carried out daily in rear to supply a slick pro-active service to our patients , which include firm telephone contact with the patients, periodical ordering to ensure they always have supply, contacting GPs on there behalf to obtain there prescription to dispense there products. Offering infirmary specialist stoma and urology nurses a dedicated telephone line so we are able to supply urgent stock to there patients, regular contact with our field based sales staff to communicate wins and falls in achievement and how to improve if something does go wrong. We are a compassionate team pod and have to be when dealing with people.I naturally sit in a democratic leadership model and have strengths which sit in this style, I am a motivated, supportive, calm self confident leader. I listen and communicate well using positive banter and body language. I will encourage ideas from my team and I give praise and recognition on a good job done. I can adapt well to change and will try new things. Some durations faced with office culture (tickle tackle) I can face this head on and any problems within my team are ironed out as soon as they occur. I can read a persons personality and office staff well and will deal with whatever happens in an appropriate way.To support my theory on my democratic leadership style I carried out a questionnaire with my team please see appendix 1 attached. Our team constantly bring new ideas to the table and our business is in growth and in order to meet this growth we hold monthly meetings. These meetings have advantages and are interactive. They are great for instant feedback, the same information is outlined at the same time making it fair and avoids Chinese whispers. You can get an instant verification of understanding with a clear action plan in place in front leaving the meeting and as we are currently looking at improving our procedures to meet business demands the meeting is a priceless tool legal proceeding are also issued to backup any member who needs clarification.I also carry out one on ones with my team memb ers a company procedure with yearly objectives set please see examples off these objectives in appendix two. We discuss achievements of these objectives and I give praise, feedback and guidance if required. This helps me to build a strong, waxy and highly effective team with mutual trust for one another.

Leadership Development SMART Goal Setting Essay

The purpose of this assignment is to develop a refreshing-formatted coating on a selected professional lead topic applicable to your current invest setting or future leadership development goals. This goal is about your leadership development needs, not those of the scheme. The Institute of Medicines timberland initiative has identified five core healthc ar profession competencies that serve as a framework for identification of the leadership goal.Course OutcomesCompletion of this assignment enables the student to meet the come abouting course outcomes. CO 1 Apply leadership concepts, skills, and decisiveness making in the provision of high quality nursing care, healthcare team management, and the oversight and accountability for care delivery in a variety of settings. (PO 2) CO 4 Apply concepts of leadership and team coordination to promote the proceeding of safe and quality outcomes of care for diverse populations. (PO 4) CO 5 Apply improvement methods, establish on data from the outcomes of care suees, to design and test changes to infinitely improve the quality and safety of healthcare. (PO 8) CO 8 Apply concepts of quality and safety using social system, process, and outcome measures to identify clinical questions as the beginning process of changing current practice. (PO 8)Due DatesThis assignment consists of the completion of the leadership Development SMART inclination Setting paper. Submit assignment to the Dropbox by Sunday, 1159 p.m. MT, by the end of week4. PointsThis assignment is worth 200 points.Directions1. Review the Institute of Medicines (IOM) core healthcare competencies. Choose nonpareil of these competencies that you would interchangeable to work on for developing a SMART goal. The five core competencies are listed below.Managing Patient-Centered CareWorking in interdisciplinary and/or interprofessional teamsEmploying evince-based practiceApplying quality improvement techniques andUtilizing informatics.2. Name ONE KSA (K nowledge, Skills, and Attri moreoveres) link to the specific core competence you chose above. Examples of KSAs (Knowledge, Skills and Attributes) for your Leadership Development Goal Setting include conflict resolution,becoming influential, trail change,communication about the patient,communication plaque-wide,team building conversations,organizational skills,using evidence to guide your practice,initiating QI/PI endeavors,using data to help with decision making,staff education,problem solving,human resource management issues,delegation,decision making,budgeting and finance, andcomputer skills.Others are possibleIf you comport questions, please contact your instructor.3. Create ONE leadership development goal that is in the SMART goal format. You practiced this in the Week 3 Discussion, and received valuable feedback from your instructor and peers. Please consider this as you work on this assignment. S Specific (Who is involved in the goal, what is the goal, where allow it tak e place?) M Measurable (How are you going to achieve the goal?) Be specific with measureable outcomes. A Attainable (What resources and/or experts are available to assist you with attaining your goal?) R Realistic (Is this goal something that is realistic anyy available in professional practice?) T Time bound (What specific dates or weeks willyou accomplish each task of your goal achievement?)Example non in SMART format I will learn how to be a manager. This goal is lofty, not measurable, and unattainable in the time allotted, probably not realistic, and not time bound. Example in SMART Format I will learn the disciplinary process of an employee who has excessive absences, by locating the organizations attendance policy and meeting with the unit manager, reviewing peer-reviewed articles and credible websites to obtain information on the disciplinary process by Week 4 (or condition date). Note This particular example relates to Core Competency Managing Patient-Centered Care.T his example is a SMART goal that is Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Time-bound.S-SpecificWho- Your name, or IWhat- Learn the disciplinary process of employees who have excessive absences Where- Your organizationM-MeasurableHow Through locating the organizations attendance policyA-AttainableResources and/or Expert Meeting with the unit manager, reviewing peer-reviewed articles, and credible websitesR-RealisticRealistically obtainable Access to the organization, policies, and unit managerT-Time boundSpecific dates By Week 4 (or specific date)4. Go to the Chamberlain library and search the databases to locate academic articles related to your SMART goal. Also, search for credible websites to gain insight into how to accomplish your goal. 5. Construct a plan of action to reach your Leadership SMART goal that includes identifying the attributes call for in order to achieve your goal. Be specific by creating a timeline of when you plan on doing each action explain how, w hen, and where you plan to communicate with an expert and identify specific resources you will use to help you achieve your goal. a. Example Plan of Action for above menti whizd exampleSeek approval to review the organizations policies and schedule a meeting/interview with the unit manager by _____ (fill in date). Review the policies on disciplinary action by _____ (fill in date). Review the American Nurses Association website and peer-reviewed articles in the American Journal of Nursing and Journal of Advanced Nursing by _____ (fill in date). Evaluate the findings from the above resources by _____ (fill in date).6. Write a scholarly paper that follows APA formatting guidelines. Organize your content logically and express your thoughts clearly. Use appropriate headers to separate sections of your paper. Check for both grammar or spelling errors before submission. 7. Submit your completed NR447 Leadership Development SMART Goal paper, which should be approximately six pages (excludi ng title page and references) to the Week 4 Leadership SMART Goal Setting Paper Dropbox by Sunday, 1159 p.m. MT at the end of Week 4.Grading Criteria Leadership Development Smart Goal SettingCategoryPoints%DescriptionChoose ONE of the IOM core competencies to develop a SMART goal 105%Selects the specific IOM core competency upon which SMART goal is based. Name ONE KSA (Knowledge, Skills and Attributes) related to the ONE specific core competency 157% call ONE KSA based on a specific IOM core competency noted above and describes how the KSA relates to the specific IOM core competency previously selected. Develop one specific leadership SMART goal.5528%Develops a professional leadership (SMART) goal, formatted classly containing specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and time bound attributes. KSA is related to the core competency selected. invest scholarly articles and credible websites relevant to your SMART goal. 2010%Locates scholarly articles and credible websites related to SMART goal/KSA. Summarizes articles and websites in body of paper. Construct a plan of action for SMART goal.8040%Constructs a plan of action for SMART goal, identifying the attributes needed in order to achieve the goal creates a timeline, explains how the plan will unfold, and how specific resources (articles and websites) will be utilized in effort to achieve goal. Plan is apparent in body of paper. Clarity of pen2010%Content is organized, logical, and with correct grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure are correct. APA formatting is apparent. References are properly cited within the paper reference page includes all citations proper title page and trigger are comprise and evidence of spell and grammar check is obvious.Grading Rubric for Leadership Development SMART Goal Setting Assignment CriteriaOutstanding or Highest Level of PerformanceAVery Good or High Level of PerformanceB fitting or Satisfactory Level of PerformanceCPoor, Failing, or Unsatisfactory Level of PerformanceFChoose ONE of the IOM core competencies to develop a SMART goal 10 pointsChooses merely one IOM core competency upon which SMART goal is based. 910 pointsChooses an IOM core competency but it is the trump fit for the SMART goal. 8 pointsChooses a competency but it is not an IOM core competency.7 pointsFails to choose any competency.06 pointsName ONE KSA (Knowledge, Skills and Attributes) related to the chosen IOM core competency. 15 pointsNames ONE KSA based on the chosen IOM core competency AND describes in detail how the KSA relates to the competency. 1415 pointsNames ONE KSA based on the chosen competency but describes in general terms how the KSA relates to the competency. 1213 pointsNames ONE KSA based on the chosen competency but does not describe, or only vaguely describes, how the KSA relates to the competency.1011 pointsDoes not name a KSA.09 pointsDevelop one specific leadershipSMART goal.55 pointsDevelops a leadership goal that is formatted correctl y containing specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and time bound attributes AND it is related to the chosen competency and KSA. 5155 pointsDevelops a leadership goal that is formatted correctly except for one component that does not meet the SMART goal criteria, i.e., not specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, or time bound. The goal is related to the chosen competency and the KSA.4650 pointsDevelops a leadership goal that is somewhat formatted correctly, but two or triplet components do not meet the criteria for a SMART goal, The goal is NOT related to the chosen competency OR KSA.4245 pointsDoes not follow SMART goal formatting. The goal is not related to the chosen competency and/or KSA. 041 pointsLocate scholarly articles and credible websites relevant to your SMART goal. 20 pointsLocates at least two scholarly articles and two credible websites related to the SMART Goal and KSA chosen. Summarizes all of them thoroughly.1820 pointsLocates one scholarly article and two credible websites. OR, locates one credible website and two scholarly articles. Summaries all of them generally.1617 pointsLocates only one scholarly article and only one credible website. Summarized them but with some inaccuracy.1415 pointsLocates no scholarly sources of support.Summary is missing or inaccurate.013 pointsConstruct a plan of action for SMART goal.80 pointsConstructs a detailed plan of action for achieving the SMART goal, identifying all the attributes needed in order to achieve the goal.Creates a timeline that explains how the plan will unfold.Fully describes how chosen scholarly resources (articles and websites) provide insight into achieving the goal. 7480 pointsConstructs a plan of action for achieving the SMART goal but fails to include one to two of the identifying attributes needed in order to achieve the goal.Creates a general timeline.Describes only some of the chosen scholarly articles and websites to achieve the goal.6773 pointsConstructs a plan of ac tion for achieving the SMART goal, but doesnt speak to the identifying attributes.Fails to create a realistic timeline, or fails to explain how the plan will unfold.Does not adequately describe how chosen scholarly articles and websites will help achieve the goal.6166 pointsConstructs a plan of action that doesnt speak to the attributes.Fails to create any timeline.Does not indicate how chosen scholarly articles and websites will achieve the goal.060 pointsClarity of writing20 pointsContent is organized, logical, and with correct grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure are correct. APA formatting is apparent. References are properly cited within the paper reference page includes all citations proper title page and introduction are present and evidence of spell and grammar check is obvious. Less than three errors noted.1820 pointsContent is mostly organized, logical and with correct grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure are correct. APA formatting is apparent. References are properly cited within the paper reference page includes all citations proper title page and introduction are present and evidence of spell check and grammar check is obvious. Four to six errors noted.1617 pointsContent is somewhat organized, logical and with correct grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure are correct. APA formatting is apparent. References are properly cited within the paper reference pageincludes all citations proper title page and introduction are present and evidence of spell check and grammar check are not obvious. Seven to 10 errors noted.1415 pointsContent is disorganized and writing has numerous grammar, spelling, or phrase structure errors and APA formatting errors. Spell check and grammar check are not obvious. More than 11 errors noted.013 pointsTotal Points Possible= 200Points Earned =A quality assignment will meet or exceed all of the above requirements.

Are People Born Generally Good Essay

I believe all people are born generally sizeable, but are corrupted by hostel afterward on in life. When we are born we have no idea of what our lives will become. As we grow, we encounter people that affect us in good and bad ways. We then have to take it upon ourselves to decide what is right and how we handle situations based on our previous experiences. Hence these experiences make our lives and tendencies good or bad.For example, legion(predicate) studies have found that those who grow up in a broken home or dysfunctional family are more likely to develop habits of lying, creation irresponsible, and hyper-sensitive of peoples opinions about them. This is a direct effect of experiences they encountered growing up, whether it be trying to avoid harsh consequences by lying, trying to please someone who never shows nourish (causing hyper-sensitivity), or not having an influential adult who teaches them how to complete tasks properly (becoming irresponsible).I believe everyone I have come in contact with has been good in the end, meaning everyone has some sense of good deep inside of them. Whether that is apparent to the everyday person is decided by the unique path theyve had through life. When persuasion about the success or failures of our representative democracy, I think of it in two sections, a social issues section and a financial policy section. Socially, I believe our country is extremely successful in protecting our personal liberties and freedoms.The representatives we elect have always had split opinions on controversial issues like medicine legalization, abortion, and gay marriage, but have always do sure to protect our rights to assemble, freedom of speech, and freedom of religion, to name a fewer. Our government has always sworn and made sure to do the right thing and keep our constitutional rights intact, for the well-being of our public. We are given the right to have opposing opinions, and most people prize the right for people to do so. This is because of the general good people are born with.In these personal liberty issues our government takes the morally good placement of upholding the Constitution, even if a verdict against it may personally benefit them more. Albeit there are always the few bad apples who make the exception. Financially is where the negativity of society begins to show in our government. We are bombarded with images of the rich, powerful and famous, and told that this is the new American Dream. This is what we work to attain in life, but it is almost impossible to reach.So, once the few who do make it to the top (including the representatives we elect to government) they will do what it takes to keep that power and money, because that is what makes them successful in societies eyes. This can include a lot of what you come upon about in the news including adding pork to bills, working with lobbyists, and shady campaign funding to ensure re-election. Unfortunately, this has become normal in politics. All of this is powered by negative social ideals that we are surrounded by. Thus the generally good representative, who may have started out truly wanting to help his nation, becomes corrupt.

Pacific Northwest History Essay

This paper will present, and ultimately prove that the Pacific northwestern United States of the United States has undergone economic, racial, environmental, and political changes due to events such as World warfare II, the emigration of people from the Midwestern U. S. , etc. The Pacific nor-west of the United States has for generations been a land that provided the substances that the pass off of the country needed in order to survive and thrive.From the times of the earliest explorers to the region, throughout the 1800s, the economy of this region relied on the production of raw materials and natural products, such as lumber, produce, fresh fish, and the like, leading experts on the area to refer to the Northwest as the hinterland of the U. S. (Schwantes). This economic model changed drastically with the outbreak of World War II, which led to the Northwest becoming a center of aircraft production, shipbuilding, and other industries related to the war effort, but different from the traditional products that came from the region.Forces at work in the realm to Cause or Fuel a Changing Economy Having the luxury of viewing the history of the Pacific Northwest in retrospect over the other(prenominal) century or so, speaking in general terms, there were several major forces at work which ultimately caused, or fueled a changing economy. While these forces are explained in greater detail in subsequent sections of this paper, they warrant identification and a brief explanation at this point to prune the stage for the research that follows. In no particular order, the forces that facilitated the changing economy of the Pacific Northwest are as followsENVIRONMENTAL- The eventual industrial development of the Northwest changed the environment, depleting many natural resources, such as the timber, precious metals, and fish that helped the people of the Northwest to provide for them and export these natural products worldwide. However, once these resources were exha usted, the region was forced to deviate to manufacturing of durable goods to sustain themselves, such as the many products the region turned out in support of the campaigns of World War II.ETHNIC- Events that transpired during the World War II area changed the racial composition of the Pacific Northwest, with its effects being felt even today. To be more specific, when the United States was forced into World War II as a result of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the fighting was focused mostly on the Pacific Ocean area, which made the Northwest highly important logistically for the American troops, and launched a massive war industry, including aircrafts, ships, and soldier supplies.What this industrialization did for the region was to draw people from the rural areas to live in cities, reservation the region more urban than rural, and likewise attracting minorities from other parts of the nation, changing the ethnic composition of the region as a whole. Additionally, the move ment of Americans from the dustbowl of the Midwest to the boozer and fertile lands of the Northwest brought new cultures, traditions and hard working people to the region.POLITICAL- Because of the move of many people from a rural to an urban environment, and the increased presence of minorities and the Americans who came from the Midwest, the attitudes and foster systems of the region changed, as reflected in voting patterns and political attitudes which now focused on urban issues such as poverty, crime, and social programs, whereas the previous rural appearance of life focused more on environmental concerns and the like.ECONOMIC- The proliferation of industry in the Pacific Northwest, beginning in the era of World War II, changed the economy from a natural/agricultural one to a largely industrial one. These changes were not all generated from within rather, they often took place as a result of forces beyond the Northwest. Those forces are identified and discussed in the next po rtion of the research.

The Chinese Wedding Day

Chinese Marriage Custom 1. The Proposal. The process exposits with an elaborate marriage and acceptance. This process was determined in the hand of go-between, who acted as a buffer between devil parties. The important parties in proposal and betrothal negotiations were the parents of the bride and garment, rather than the bride and the gear up. When the male childs parents identify a future bride, they would send the go-between to present gifts to the female childs parents and to express their feelings ab emerge the match. If the proposal was well-received, the go-between would obtain the date and hour of the lighttle girls birth recorded on a formal document.The grooms family would place this document on the ancestral altar for tether days. If no suspicious omens, e. g. quarrels between the parents or a loss of property, took place within that time, the parents would give the information to an astrological expert to confirm that the young charr and their watchword would make a good match. If the boys family found the horoscope to be favourable, they gave the boys birth date and birth hour to the go-between to withdraw to the girls family, who would go through the same process. Only after both outcomes were favourable, the two families will arrange to meet.Finally after discussion, each family evaluated the other in terms of appearance, education, character, and cordial status. If both were satisfied they would proceed to the betrothal. 2. The Betrothal. First both parents exchanged family c passingentials as tokens of intention. Then, after extensive bargaining, the two families would arrive at the amount of money and goods that would make up the gift to the girls family. After presenting engagement tokens, the go-between would ask the brides family to choose among several wedlock dates suggested by the boys family and also set a date for presenting betrothal gifts.The boys family presented betrothal gifts of money and significant items such as tea, Dragon (male) and Phoenix (female) bridal cakes, pairs of male and female poultry, sweetmeats and sugar, wine and tobacco, accompanied by an itemized statement of these gifts. Tea was such a primary part of these gifts in some areas that they were known collectively as cha-li, that is, tea presents. The girls family reciprocated with gifts of food and clothing. It was customary for the girls family to distribute the bridal cakes they received from the boys family to friends and relatives as a form of announcement and invitation to the wedding feast.The boys familys gifts acknowledged the parents efforts in accepting the girl, and by accepting the gifts, the girls family pledged her to the boys family. Several days after the presentation of the betrothal gifts, the girls family sent porters with an inventoried dowry to the boys house. The dowry consisted of practical items, including a chamber pot, filled for the occasion with fruit and strings of coins. This rising gave the girls family the opportunity to display both their social status and their love for their daughter, and wealthy parents often included serving girls to attend their daughter in her new home.The betrothal generally lasted for a year or two, although the betrothal would last until the children had grown to marriageable age. 3. Before The Wedding. In preparation for her departure, the future bride retreated from the ordinary routine and lived in seclusion in a separate part of the house with her closest friends. During this moment, the young women sang and mourning the brides separation from her family and vowing in front of the go-between and as well as the grooms family and the girls parents.Since this sleep-over often took place in the cock loft, the brides emergence on her wedding day is sometimes refer redness to as coming of the cock loft. The preparation on the part of the groom involving the installation the bed on the day before the wedding. A man or women with many children and living mates, were selected to install a newly purchased bed. After the bed was in place, children were invited onto the bed as an omen of fertility. For the same reason, the bed was scattered with red dates, oranges, lotus seeds, peanuts, pomegranates and other fruits. 4. The Wedding Day.At dawn on her wedding day (or the night before), the bride bathed in water infused with pumelo, a variety of grapefruit, to cleanse her of unrighteous influences. A good luck woman attended the bridal preparations. She spoke auspicious words while dressing the brides hair in the style of a married woman. After the hair is styled, the bride emerged from her retreat. She was carried to the main hall on the back of the good luck woman or her closely senior sister-in-law. There she donned a jacket and skirt and stepped into a pair of red shoes, placed in the center of a sieve.The brides face was covered with either a red silk veil or a curtain of tassels or beads that hung from the bridal Phoeni x crown. (The photo below was taken at the mock wedding at a prior years Chinese Summer Festival. After completing her wedding preparations, the bride bow down to her parents and to the ancestral tablets and awaited the arrival of the bridal procession from the grooms house. Dressed in a long gown, red shoes and a red silk sash with a silk ball on his shoulder, the groom knelt at the family altar while his father placed a cap decorated with cypress leaves on his head.The groom bowed first before the tablets of enlightenment and Earth and his ancestors, then to his parents and the assembled family members. His father removed the silk ball from the sash and placed it on top of the bridal pub chair. Next is the process to obtain the bride. The firecrackers start to play, the loud gong and also drums marked the starting process. The groom starts the procession led by the kids as a sign of his future kid. The groom would to the brides house to fetch her, taking with him the bridal cha ir, which was completely covered with red satin and fresh flowers.On arriving at the brides house, the grooms party was met by the brides friends, who would not surrender the bride until they were satisfied by red packets of money, ang pau from the grooms representative. This was the occasion of much good-natured haggling before the two parties could reach an agreement. In some cases, the groom would take dinner with the brides family, and receive a pair of chopsticks and two wine goblets wrapped in red paper, symbolic of his receiving the gladden of the family in the person of their daughter. In some regions, he would be offered sweet longan tea, two hard-boiled eggs in syrup and transparent noodles.Another chromosomal mutation was the grooms partaking of soup with a soft-boiled egg, the yolk of which he was expected to break, arguably symbolic of breaking the brides ties with her family. The good luck woman or a dajin, employed by the brides family to look after the bride, carri ed the bride on her back to the chair. Another bridesmaid might shield the bride with a sunshade while a third tossed rice at the sedan chair. Sometimes the bride was borne out in a wooden cage with her feet padlocked presumably a closing from rougher times with extremely reluctant brides.A sieve, shai-tse, which would strain out evil, and a metallic mirror, king, which would reflect light, were suspended at the rear of the brides sedan to protect her from evil influence. The bride might also attach a special mirror to her garment, which she would not remove until she was safely seated upon the marriage bed. Firecrackers were set off to frighten external evil spirits as the bride departed in the sedan chair. The physical movement symbolized the transfer of the bride from her parents family to her husbands. Great care was taken to ensure that no inauspicious influence would affect the marriage.The female attendants who escorted the bride to her new home were chosen with particula r care that the horoscope animals of their birth years were compatible with that of the bridegroom. The sedan chair itself was heavily curtained to prevent the bride from inadvertently glimpsing an unlucky sight, e. g. a widow, a well, or even a cat. Attendants scattered grain or beans, symbols of fertility, before her. Once again, firecrackers were set off just before the procession arrived. A red mat was placed before the sedan chair for the bride lest her feet touch the publicise earth as she dismounted.The entire household would be waiting to receive her. The bride was required to step over a saddle or a lit stove to cross the threshold, since the words for saddle and tranquillity sounds the same and the fire would cast out of evil influences. An attendant might immediately place a heap of rice in a sieve over or near the bride. If the bride did not wear a lucky mirror, one might be used at this time to flash light upon the bride. In some regions, a grain measure and a string o f of copper coins were laid out as talismans of prosperity.After these rituals took place, the groom could finally raise the red scarf and view the brides face. 5. The Wedding Day. In contrast to the elaborate preparations, the wedding ceremony itself was simple. The bride and groom were conducted to the family altar, where they paid homage to Heaven and Earth, the family ancestors and the Kitchen God, Tsao-Chun. Tea, generally with two lotus seeds or two red dates in the cup, was offered to the grooms parents. Then the bride and groom bowed to each other. This completed the marriage eremony, except in some regions, where both also drank wine from the same goblet, ate sugar moulded in the form of a rooster, and partook of the wedding dinner together. Immediately after the ceremony, the couple were led to the bridal chamber, where both sat on the bed. In some areas, honey and wine were poured into two goblets linked by a red thread. The bride and groom took a few sips and then exchan ged cups and drank it down. On the day of the wedding (and sometimes for the next three days), the bed chamber was open to visitors, who were given to teasing the young couple with ribald remarks.Generally, separate wedding feasts were given by the parents of the bride and the groom for their respective friends and families. heretofore at the feast, men and women sat separately. There could be a single feast for each or a series of feasts over several days. However, the most important feast was that given the grooms family on the day of the wedding. It was generally considered as public recognition of the union. On the day after the wedding,the bride awoke proterozoic to attend honor the ancestors at dawn. It was only then that she was then formally introduced to the grooms relatives and friends.As she knelt before each of the older relatives, she received a handsome gift. The brides parents-in-law gave her a title according to her husbands seniority in the family hierarchy. On t he day after the wedding,the bride awoke early to attend honor the ancestors at dawn. It was only then that she was then formally introduced to the grooms relatives and friends. As she knelt before each of the older relatives, she received a small gift. The brides parents-in-law gave her a title according to her husbands seniority in the family hierarchy.

Study of Brand Loyalty Towards the Organized Retail Stores

Insights into Indian English Fiction and Drama Edited by Capt. Dr. Arvind M. Nawale Access -An Academic Consortium Publication ISBN No. 978-81-921254-3-5 Aspects of Campus Novel in Makarand Paranjapes The Narrator A Novel Shridevi P. G. The Narrator A Novel is the long-familiar critic Makarand Paranjapes debut overbold, published in 1995. It is a mishmash of several stories woven together and manifested to us from view-points of several writer-narrators or character- narrators.This new has attracted sizeable interest in the academicians because of the unique narratology of the novel which is different from the rest of the Indian novels written in English. The novel is experimental, and breaks away from the conventional methods of story-telling used in Indian English Fiction. Through prohibited the narrative, the readers notice that there is little attempt to create an illusion of realism or naturalism. 1 With the use of multivoiced and polyphonic narration, as in the great epics Ramayana and Mahabharata, the writer tries to relocate himself with the ancient Indian tradition of the narratology. The story of the novel can be divided into three main threads The starting time is the story of Rahul Patwardhan, reader in English at Asafia University, Hyderabad who is suffering from creative schizophrenia since his childhood and, in the process has a libidinal alter ego, Baddy. The stake is the story of Badrinath Dhanda, who comes out of Rahul through emanation. The final thread is that of the movie script, Manpasand. Campus novel is a kind of novel which originated in the West but is emerging as a very prominent sub-genre in Indian English Fiction.As David Lodge, a well-known practitioner of this sub-genre opines, Campus Novel is mainly concerned with the lives of University professors and junior teachers. 3 The present paper attempts to explore the aspects of campus novel in this novel. The novel centers around Rahul Patwardhan who is a lecturer in English at the Asafia University, Hyderabad. His reputation as a lecturer is displayed when he meets his Head of the Department in the novel. The Head of the Department does not doubt him when he lies asking for leave for four days on the show of illness and reading accepts it.This is because, this type of aberration was a recent development in Rahuls character, and is therefore unknown to the Head of Department. The author presents the characteristics of a neat lecturer through Rahul Patwardhans character. He is responsible about his duties as a lecturer . tomorrow was Monday. I had to teach. It was the beginning of a new week. I couldnt return to boast a very slowly night today. But meeting him tomorrow would screw up Tuesdays schedule. TNAN 67 His anxiety to comp allowe(a) the syllabus is likewise depicted in the novel.He abstains from listening to the gory details of incest when Badrinath is narrating his story. When Badri goes on describing how the ugly women are better partners therefore the beautiful ones, Rahul is unable to bestow his view as he is a loyal husband to Neha and thus had slept only with her. It is the curiosity generated in him by his literary sensibility or on humanitarian inclination that he expresses his wish of meeting prostitutes. He thinks, What were these women like? What did they feel? What was the meaning of their livesI was interested in getting to see them at close quarters.I told myself I didnt want the wake, but only the experience of meeting a prostitute, of talking to her, getting to know her. TNAN 168 Rahul immediately revolts at Badris mention of co-habition with college girls. For heavens sake, Badri, I teach them myself. You never know, he continued, you may even meet one of your students Please, Badri, stop it. TNAN 168 This conversation indicates Rahuls strong professional ethics. He has also followed certain principles in life which are unfortunately jettisoned by and by his acquaintance with Badri.He leaves a lo t of food on his table, much against his principle of not wasting food He starts lying and finds people believing it easily He con integralityes beer He cohabits with a prostitute. This shows that he had been morally corrupted to a certain extent. This task of corrupting Rahul had been attempted several times by Baddy but all of them had been found fruitless. But years posterior Badri proves successful in this. The Novel sketches Rahuls academic progress and his strict regimen for his Ph. D. , degree quite conspicuously. He would religiously enter the library every morning and work till the evening, often skipping his lunch.Sometimes, I wondered if I would ever get out of the library alive. I mean, I was losing all sense of time. I thought to myself that one day they would find my bones in the musty corridors, resting somewhere among the shelves full of books. TNAN 75 He describes his guide as a cool bozo whose motto was Do what you like, but show me the final draft within five y ears. TNAN 75 The under note of sarcasm does not go unremarked in this line which highlights the negligence or failure of some guides to train their research scholars. The procedure of Ph. D. degree is also briefly explained.He says, My five years in Hyderabad passed. I submitted my thesis in October 1986 the viva was held next year in April. TNAN 75 The whole description of this kind reminds one of Saros Cowasjees novel Goodbye to Elsa where exchangeable kind of description of the research methodology is found. Rahul also writes an introductory guide to fiction entitled Indian English Fiction Theory and Practice the front 500 copies of which are sold out in six months and it then goes into second edition. The relation between colleagues also forms an important aspect of the campus.Here this is displayed through Rahuls relationship with Raghavan. Their addressing each opposite with abusive says indicates their intimacy. Both were doing doctoral research. Though Rahul is younge r of the two, he had got the job before Raghavan and thus was technically elder to him and which made Raghavan grumble. We were, in a sense, rivals, but had never stopped being friends. TNAN 148 One interesting point found here is the absence of professional green-eyed monster which is very common among colleagues and which is found in most of the campus novels like M.K. Naiks Corridors of Knowledge, Ranga Raos The Drunk Tantra, Rita Joshis The Awakening A Novella in Rhyme. Students are the inevitable and the most significant aspect of campus novels. Even in this novel, the behavior and misadventures of students are pictured in an amiable way. Rahul presents two sets of students his classmates when he was studying and his students, after he becomes a lecturer. Rahul joins Tambaram College, which had a history of 150 years but had become a semiwild campus with the kind of behavior of the students.Music and drugs were the two things which dominated the college. Bunking classes, acti ng wild, gaolbreak rules, and doing the unconventional thing were considered hip. There was nothing worse than being a good boy it was the most despicable way to live. TNAN 55-56 The students think of themselves as the lost generation, Indias equivalent of the hippies. The senior students spent most of their time smoking and listening to music. The mention of a drunken brawl among students is made in such a way that it is not very uncommon in colleges. In one such quarrel a student was stabbed.An instance of self-destruction committed by a student is also pictured. He had consumed downers and jumped off the top floor of the International Students Hostel because he had stolen a large sum of money from one of his friends and had blown it all on drugs. With these instances the novelist seems to be indicating the lack of discipline and control among the students. The novelist then describes the drinking bouts of the students and the way they acquired booze. The first of the two slipw ay of getting booze was through someone in the Air Force Station which was quite near the college.When this became much difficult by the Commanding officeholders instructions, the students were left with the second and the more strenuous way. The students would travel five long hours to Pondicherry and would lounge about the beaches the whole day, drinking and chattering continuously on all sorts of topics. They would then take the night bus back with one or two bottles of rum with them. They would try to trick the cops by using a very cheap bag and keeping it away from themselves. So that even in a surprise check they wouldnt get caught.And if by circumstances they get caught redhanded, they would simply give it away to the cop so that he would let them go. The students did not even hesitate to start visiting- a word used by the author for visiting a prostitute. And they were available right outside the college gates after dark. About affairs, the writer says that only rich guys could afford them by giving expensive gifts to the chicks from the womens college. Love affairs are an indispensable aspect of the campus and so forms one of the aspects of campus novel. But most of the campus novels exhibit a very frank treatment of sex. few examples are- Saros Cowasjees Goodbye to Elsa, K. M. Trishankus Onion Peel, Rani Dharkers The Virgin Syndrome, etc. The Narrator also depicts sex quite freely. The novel abounds in extramarital relationships, child abuse, incest, sodomy, mental adultery, voluptuousness and pure bed. Rahuls students are brought in only in one word-painting but this one episode reveals a lot about the students of the present generation. When Rahul enters 15 minutes late to the class, giving the reason that he had a late night, some students titter taking his words as an indication of a private encounter.Many students had left for coffee not to return to the class. Their lack of patience and impudence is expressed in the words-Oh Sir, they went of for coffee when you didnt show up until ten-fifteen. TNAN 96 and todays teachers also seem to accept this kind of behavior. The novel can also be considered Crit-Fiction. Crit-Fiction is a kind of novel which is written by a lecturer or a professor. In the recent years many professors have started writing novels. A few examples of such Indian writers are Manju Kapoor, M. K. Naik, Amitav Ghosh, Anita Desai, Meena Alexander and others.As Elaine Showalter puts it, the novelist before writing his novel should create or imagine a valet de chambre which has some kind of logical relation to the real earthly concern, within which he can explore the themes that interest him through the narrative. The university or college provides such a world ready-made a small world which is a kind of microcosm of the larger world. An authors writing will be realistic if it is inspired by his experience. The author Makarand Paranjape has been able to write about the campus so lucidly because he was a professor and has the first-hand information about the aspects of campus.It is quite interesting that in the novel The Narrator, the protagonist, Rahul Patwardhan is also a lecturer and he too is a writer. Finally one cannot afford to overlook the very unique and exalting theme of the novel which is the difficulty of writing a work of art. Rahul had such an extensive knowledge about the narratology or the art of the narrative, that he had become an inhibiting influence on Baddy, the other half of his split personality, as he shot down Baddys attempts of writing narratives. I knew too bloody much about the theory to let even my imagination do the actual writing. TNAN 75 He discusses his difficulty with Dr. Jenny OSullivan, a visiting British Council scholar, who had come to visit Hyderabad, researching on a book to be set in India. I am too critical I cannot get to put pen to paper without scratching out what Ive written. TNAN 258 By OSullivans suggestion, he finds out the solution Every attempt at creation is founded upon a similar act of deconstruction. Writing, thus, is a cruel activity. Before one writes one had to give birth to a writing self.This is the self which will then invent characters, situations, and themes. TNAN 269 The novel The Narrator A Novel has many aspects of campus novel in it like the kind of life lead by a lecturer, his loyalty and involvement in his academic pursuits, his scramble to produce substantial literary works, his relations with his colleagues and students the behavior of the students, their misadventures the lavish lifestyles of students who are not disciplined either by the parents or the authorities in the college, their love affairs etc. re delineated in a very conducive way. The protagonists views both as a student and then as a lecturer are involved in the novel. Makarand Paranjape has been able to throw sufficient light on all these aspects of campus life as he has been a professor and very well-acquainted with the campus. So with the points discussed so far, The Narrator A Novel can be considered a campus novel. Works Cited 1.Rahul Chaturvedi, Self as floor in The Narrator A Novel A Narratological Perspective, The Criterion An International Journal in English, ISSN 0976-8165 Vol. II. -Issue 1, 2011. 2. http//www. makarand. com/reviews/ReviewsofTheNarrator. html. 3. http//is. muni. cz/th/66512/ff_b/Bakalarska_prace_24. 4. 2006. doc 4. Makarand Paranjape, The Narrator A Novel, (New Delhi Rupa & Co. 1995), future cited as TNAN with page nos. in parentheses. 5. Showalter, Elaine- Faculty Towers The Academic Novel and its Discontents Oxford University Press, 2005.

Outsourcing in Value Chain

VALUE CHAIN OF coffin nail MILK PRODUCT Figure 1 Value Chain of Goat Milk Figure 1 shows the shelter chain of goat milk overlap. In order to be end growth, in that location be several processes learnd which are process of getting raw material then manufacturing process where the toil process impart take place. After that, the product will be distributed to the various channels. Under material, there are several parties will involve much(prenominal) as raw material supplier, transportation/ logistical and technology supplier.Then, at the manufacture phase there will be some processes involve such as processing, quality control, packaging and labeling. Packaging will be focus because of most of the producer will outsource this process to other company rather than done by themselves. The reason of this outsourcing will be because of lack of skill and technology for the packaging process. When, the packaging and labeling are done by other company, the product will be not associ ated to the first owner anymore.In the case of goat milk, the owner of the livestock is not been recognized anymore and lastly the finish product will be distributed to the user and consumer as a product of the packaging company. Malay proverb call this as Lembu punya susu, Sapi dapat nama means the original owner of the product has not been recognized and the product only been associated to the packaging and labeling company. Figure 2 INDUSTRY INVOLVE IN THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING FINISH PRODUCT OF GOAT MILKFigure 2 show the industries involved in producing the goat milk. As can be seen, Agriculture industry is the first industry involved where the livestock is coming from this industry. roughly of the parties involved in this industry are Malay and Indian. Then, in order to package the product, it can be choose whether to use, bottle, box container, can and so on. For box and bottle for example, it will use woods and keystone as the raw material to produce box and bottle then, oth er industry will involve too.Then, the distribution process will involve with logistic company. Therefore, in producing a bottle or a box of milk, there are many parties and industries involved and take placed. Figure 3 below shows the value chain of the packaging process and the example of many type of packaging container. The figure shows the package is designed using the CAD and has been tested and evaluate before start the production process for the packaging. However, some companies do not use such as technology equipment in doing the packaging.This kind of packaging process should be done by the producer company and not supposed outsource the process because the outsource ratiocination make the producer lost the originality and owner power towards the product. Figure 3 VALUE CHAIN OF promotional material PROCESS Source www. nec. co. jp MATERIAL MANUFACTURE DISTRIBUTION PRODUCT USE CUSTOMER/ USER interlocutor RETAILER AGENT PROCESSING QC LABELLING PACKAGING RAW MAT ERIAL SUPPLIER TRANSPORT/ LOGISTIC engineering SUPPLIER AGRICULTURE LOGISTIC WOOD/SAND PACKAGING OUTSOURCE

Aims of education Essay

Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to cup of tea and hu humannesse feeling. Scraps of information have nothing to do with it. A merely well-informed man is the most unusable bore on Gods earth. What we should aim at producing is men who deliver both culture and expert knowledge in some special direction. Their expert knowledge will give them the ground to start from, and their culture will lead them as deep as ism and as high as art. We have to remember that the valuable intellectual development is self- development, and that it mostly takes channelize between the dates of sixteen and thirty. As to training, the most important part is given by mothers before the age of twelve. A saying due to Archbishop Temple illustrates my meaning.Surprise was expressed at the success in after-life of a man, who as a boy at Rugby had been somewhat undistinguished. He answered, It is not what they be at eighteen, it is what they become afterwards that matters. In training a chi ld to activity of thought, above all things we mustiness bewargon of what I will call inert ideas-that is to say, ideas that are merely received into the mind without existence utilised, or tested, or thrown into fresh combinations. In the history of education, the most striking phenomenon is that schools of learning, which at unrivaled epoch are alive with a ferment of genius, in a succeeding generation picture merely pedantry and routine. The reason is, that they are overladen with inert ideas. Education with inert ideas is not only useless it is, above all things, harmful Corruptio optimi, pessima.Except at rare intervals of intellectual ferment, education in the ago has been radically infected with inert ideas. That is the reason why uneducated clever women, who have seen much of the world, are in middle life so much the most cultured part of the community. They have been salve from this horrible burden of inert ideas. Every intellectual revolution which has ever stirred humanity into immenseness has been a passionate protest against inert ideas. Then, alas, with pathetic ignorance of human psychology, it has proceeded by some educational schema to bind humanity afresh with inert ideas of its own fashioning. Let us now ask how in our system of education we are to guard against this mental dryrot. We enunciate two educational commandments, Do not teach too many subjects, and again, What you teach, teach thoroughly. The result of teaching small parts of a boastfully number of subjects is the passive reception of disconnected ideas, not illumined with any spark of vitality.Let the main ideas which are introduced into a childs education be few and important, and let them be thrown into either combination possible. The child should make them his own, and should understand their application here and now in the circumstances of his actual life. From the very beginning of his education, the child should experience the joy of discovery. The discovery wh ich he has to make, is that general ideas give an reason of that stream of events which pours through his life, which is his life. By understanding I mean more than a mere crystalline analysis, though that is included. I mean understanding in the sense in which it is used in the cut

My Ambition in Life Essay

Everybody has an aim in life. Aim or ambition is the inner desire of man. We should be very clear about our aim in life. We may face difficulties in reaching our coveted target, but we should not loose focus. For me, to deliver mankind through treatment of poor gaga pile is my ambitionA doctor lives a noble life.He is always at the service of suffering people.A sick man looks at him with the only hope of getting cured.The smiling face of a doctor makes the unhurried cheerful. A neat doctor is respected everywhere. If I become a doctor I go away be kind to the poor and the needy people. I provide not charge whatever topple from them.Helping the helpless will be my duty and practice.I have studied biology and I will seat for the competitive tests for admission to a good and reputed medical college.I shall try to be a good and sincere student and then a qualified doctor. I will do whatever it takes to be a good doctor and and will be sincere to it. After becoming a self-made do ctor, I have plans of setting up a clinic in a village. I never had any desire to narrow and to beco e specialiser, a physician, a gynecologist I want to be regular practitioner here, in my own base is the end of my imagination and, though not a specialist in any peculiar area.Although knowing the fact, the income from here would be pretty less, but making gold will not be my main aim. Also interpretation all these consequential services, I shall overly acquire the capital of subsistence. I vow that I would be loyal to my duty and will touch full respect to my job. Days are not far off, I am trying punishing to realize my ambition and I wish this dream of mine would be fulfilled.