Birth control essay Essay

assume promise has neck a long way since the introduction of the redeem control pill. thither argon now more than a dozen methods to choose from.The close to common ones could be condoms and birth control pills.Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, further none of those methods muckle be degree centigrade% respectable,except for abstinence.None having sex with a nonher individual is the only way to be 100% trenchant of birth control. A condom is a barrier method commonly used during cozy intercourse to reduce the probability of pregnancy. As a method of birth control, condoms have the advantage of existence inexpensive, late to use, having few side effects, and oblation protection against sexually transmitted diseases. When used consistently and correctly with every(prenominal) act of sexual intercourse, male condoms can prevent pregnancy and STDs, including human immunodeficiency virus/ AIDS.They argon safe, and have no hormonal side-effects. They are very easy to find and use without seeing a healthcare provider first. Condoms do have some disadvantages as well as. Latex condoms may cause itching for a few people who are allergic to latex and/or lubricants. in that respect is still a small possibility that a condom leave behind slip off during sex. most people are too discompose to buy, ask a partner to use, put on, take off, or get to away condoms.And condoms dont make u feel good. Birth control pills provide highly reliable contraceptive protection, exceeding 99%. Even when imperfect use is considered, the BCPs are still very effective in preventing pregnancy. Birth control pills cause menstrual cycles to occur regularly and predictably.This is especially helpful for women with periods that come too often or too infrequently. Birth control pills can improve acne as well. For moderate to ascetic acne, which other medications cant cure, birth control pills may be prescribed.But birth control pills have disadvantages. Wom en taking birth control pills normally have a small increase in both systolic and diastolic blood hale. Headaches may start in women who have not previously had headaches, or can get worse in those who do. Some women should not take pills if they have specific health conditions, including some types of diabetes, liver-colored disease.Plus, The pill costs more than condoms. sight are abstinent for some reasons, including to prevent pregnancy.And it is definitely the easiest,safest and the most convenient way to prevent pregnancy.People can choose abstinence to prevent STDs, wait until theyre gain for a sexual relationship, focuson school, career, or extracurricular activities. sexual relationships present risks. abstinence is a very good way to give in taking those risks until you are better able to handle them. There are few disadvantages to abstinence as well.People may find it difficult to bring to an end for long periods of time and may end their period of abstinence with out being prepared to protect themselves against pregnancy or infection.And there is often pressure from your partner or friends to have sex.lt is hard to control yourself particularly in the moment. If you genuinely want to prevent pregnancy,the best way is obviously abstinence. lt is 100% effective in preventing pregnancy.Therefore, Its the best protection and the only guarantee. Abstinence is a good way to really get to know your associate or girlfriend without the complications of sex.After knowing each other really well,if you really want to have sex with your boyfriend.l suggest you to use birth control pills,because they are safer even though they are much more expensive.But l dont think that you want to risk on preventing pregnancy.If you cant even afford the birth control pills,you are abruptly not ready to have a kid.But although birth control pills are 98.7% effective,there is still risk to get pregnant.So no method is completely safe except for abstinence.You have to consider carefully before you become sexually active.Dont do anything that would make yourself regret.We are all responsible for ourselves Shirly grub Per.3

Everything Bad Is Good for You

In Everything Bad Is Good For You, Steven Johnson procedures many scientific methods and presents point of view stating that popular culture does not to a greater extentover halt negative impacts on us. In the introduction of the telly section, he short tells us the truth that the obscureity of mod TV shows is rising and it overly makes pot to a greater extent intelligent. To support his ideas, Johnson divides the content into three parts threefold threading, Flashing Arrows, and favorable Networks. Multiple threading is very common in modern television shows but not in past shows.Johnson uses four graphs which intelligibly show the amount of plot content in relation to the path time of four episodes from different shows, to depict changes of complexity in TV dramas. In one drama, Dragnet, the narrative only focuses on one plotline a few years later, the numbers of plotline have been increased in other drama called The Sopranos. The march strongly supports Johnsons sta tement Multiple threading twists more complex and abundant in modern television dramas. However, it is not the only reason that makes TV shows more complicated.Flashing Arrows, which had allowed viewers to follow the plot more easily television shows of the past, disappe bed and were alter in modern soap dramas and sitcoms. TV shows stopped using flashing arrows because listenings have been learned to find the isolated answers in the shows for many years. In soap operas, flashing arrows have been transformed to texture and substance (p. 78), which are used for building up a realistic dramatic situation in the drama. In sitcoms, flashing arrows become a reward of knowing the in-joke by attaining extra information removed the shows.Although sitcoms become more complex, they are not the only shows that have changed. brotherly networks are mainly used in reality programming and political debates. When audiences watch The Apprentice or Survivor, a reality show, they will use fond intelligence (p. 96) to judge participants personalities. Each facial expression and put through from the participants provides clues to audiences for the judgment. In political debates, audiences will judge the politicians appearances, speech, skin color or actions to decide the votes. Social intelligence is a brain activity that people will do it automatically when they try to make decisions. Johnsons evidence has shown social intelligence has been improved by reality shows. However, social networks do not only represent the network among participants and audiences, but also the social relationships of characters in the TV dramas. The social mapping of 24 clearly shows the complex relationships among all the characters. There are four families being involved in the show, but the relationships are not obvious to the audience.Audiences need to build up the social connections by watching the show. The process is difficult and challenging, but the audience has already gotten used to it by training from the past thirty years. Social networks are also a part of making audiences become smarter. Basically, Johnson thinks television has become more complex because of multithreading, flashing arrows and social network. These three elements are also important to peoples brain activity which has do them smarter.

Huck Finn Comparison Essay Essay

The great American novel The Adventures of huckabackleberry Finn by Mark Twain is just to the highest degree a white southern raised child named huck Finn and a runaway slave, Jim, running away to maturateher. This novel is similar in slipway to that of the novel The bulky Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, which is about the fabulously wealthy Jay Gatsby and his cognize Daisy Buchanan. (Book Cover) The character Huckleberry Finn is similar to characters of The Great Gatsby. Huck Finn is similar to Jay Gatsby because of their lies about their families, their reasons for lying, and their frames of wing of what not to do.Huck Finn is also similar to myrtle Wilson. This is due to the event that both tense to create and have sex their adventurous romance lives and also because while trying to make their phantasy a reality they right away forget about outstanding mint and belongings. The character Huck Finn is similar to Jay Gatsby in two ways. The first way in which these c haracters be kindred is between the lies they tell about their family. Huck Finns lies are about having a family and how pap and me and all the family was living on a dwarfish farm down at the bottom of Arkansaw, (Twain 75).While Gatsbys lies are about how he has no family and how is the son of some wealthy raft in the Middle West all dead now. (Fitzgerald 65). The major relation of this is that they create these fantasy families because they are ashamed of their real family in a way which leads them to create their view of a good family. Besides Huck Finns and Gatsbys similarity in lies and their reasoning behind lying, these characters are also similar because they use the same guinea pig of person as a frame of reference of what not to do or become.Jay Gatsby uses his deceased person fri close, Dan Cody, as his frame of reference. Dan Cody, when drunk, would commit acts of savage violence of the frontier brothel and saloon. (Fitzgerald 100) and would leave Gatsby jail hi m on the yacht because he k current what would happen erstwhile he became drunk enough. Gatsby barely drank anything because he saw firsthand what intoxicant could turn you Prev Page into if you had enough of it in your system. Huck Finn uses his pap as his frame of reference of what not to do or become.Pap, while drunk, is exceptionally violent. Pap would chase Huck around the hut with a clasp-knife, profession me the Angel of Death (Twain 22) and he would get too handy with his hickory (Twain 18) which left Huck all over welts (Twain 18). These frames of references of what not to become have helped the characters develop a to a greater extent stable moral code. Other than Jay Gatsby, Huck Finn is also comparable to Myrtle Wilson in two ways.One distinctive these two characters have in common is that they dislike their real lives that they try to create and live these fantasy lives. Huck Finn never returns to reality and live his real life unless him and Jim are by themselves on the river. While he is on shore Huck always creates all these aliases with different backgrounds all(prenominal) time he meets new people or a new family. When Myrtle Wilson is with tomcat Buchanan and her friends in the apartment-homes in the West Hundreds she creates the fabulous fantasy life where she is just so care free and rich.While she lives this fantasy life she lets Tom make fun of her husband by imagining a picture entitled George B. Wilson at the Gas Pump. (Fitzgerald 33). She pretends that she has money when Mrs. McKee compliments her on the dress she is wearing and Myrtle is just shrugging off because this is something she wears when she dont care what I look like (Fitzgerald 31). In addition to their relation in trying to live a fantasy life, Huck Finn and Myrtle share their ability to promptly forget about important people and belongings.This is evident with Myrtle when she buys the dog on her way to the apartment with Tom and Nick. As quickly as she buys the d og she forgets about it before the end of the party which is sitting on a table looking with slur eyes through the smoke, and from time to time groaning faintly. ( Fitzgerald 37 ) and not formerly has she gone to check to see if it is out of water, food, or even tries to defend it out of that type of environment. For Huck the person he forgets about is his trusty and caring friend Jim.Whenever Huck is living one of his adventurous fantasy lives he never takes a pause to think about what Jim is doing, feeling, what type of danger he might be in, or what he could be going through right now while hes having Prev Page the time of his life or getting himself in cabalistic trouble on the shore. Conclusively the great American novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald has characters that share characteristics with that of Huck Finn from the novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain.Huckleberry Finn is like Jay Gatsby because they both lie about their family because t heyre ashamed of their real on and fate what they feel would be a better family for them. Theyre also uniform in the way that they use the same type of person as a frame of reference of what not to do, which helps them build a more durable moral code. Myrtle Wilson is also comparable to Huck Finn on account of that they try to create and live fantasy lives, and then they get so caught up in their fake lives that they forget about the important people and belongings in their lives.

Interaction of Ethnic, National or Cultural Influences Essay

All around the world citizenry are organised in societies diametricaliated paganally, nationally and culturally. In our mind under the interethnical dealing are traditionally understood subjectively deliverd relations amidst people of assorted nationalities, surrounded by ethnic communities, which are manifested in attitudes and orientations of interethnic conform tos in various sweeps of cooperation, national stereotypes, attitudes and behavior, and the actions of people of specific ethnic communities.It is in this area in the first place are projected economic, social and semipolitical issues. They acquire an ethnic form and deliver a lot of worry to society, leading to inter-ethnic tensions, local ethnic conflicts, the growth of ethnic migrations. Ethnic tensions, the state of matter of hostility, distrust, mutual complaints and dissatisfaction arises or may arise from time to time between any nations that are permanently or temporarily in contact with each other(a) .Ethnic tensions depend on several factors 1) The history of world-wide relations, the historical memory of the nature of relations between the peoples at different stages (often these relationships take the form of ongoing ethnic tension) 2) the level of economic increase of the parties, among repre moveatives of different nations place in the system of production and property (industrial specialization, predominance of members of certain nationalities in professional and social groups, the dominance of different forms of ownership, property of life, etc.)3) the structure of the cultural development of the nation the predominance of rural or urban state, the level of education and professional qualifications. There are allocated the side by side(p) phenomena and processes that significantly affect the formation and strengthening of interethnic tension 1) the lack of a consistent policy of condemnation and suppression of national manifestations of violence 2) the guess of ne gative attitudes towards representatives of the people associated in the eyes of other nations with the administrative-command apparatus3) the set up of people who have been persecuted and mass deported during the repression, particularly those that have not been returned to their places of occupation 4) a sense of national enmity against those nationalities that, in terms of population in many neighborhoods, live better than we do. These representations are caused by a variety of reasons, including the identification of the people with the most frequently identified by its representatives. According to M.Walzer, positive ethnic identity is a balance of leeway for their own and other ethnic groups, which allows us to consider it, on the unity hand, as a condition of an independent and stable existence of an ethnic group, on the other as a condition of peaceful intercultural multi-ethnic world, interactions, excluding ethnic phobias and confrontation. According to N. M. Lebedeva on ethnic tolerance, defined as the word meaning of ethno-cultural differences, and the exclusion of ethnophobia and ethnic confrontations have effects such socio-psychological factors as 1) the point in time of ethnic and cultural competence2) psychological readiness for intercultural dialogue 3) The experience and skills of intercultural understanding and cooperation. All these parameters are amenable to the formation and development and in need of professional development by education and socio-psychological training of intercultural interaction. violation of a positive image of their own group tends to reduce ethnic tolerance (YA Gayurova, TG Stefanenko, AN Tatarko, FM Malhozova).9/11 After Twins macrocosm attacked Americans stopped helping Irish Republican Army (IRA Nationalist uncultivated group in Northenr Ireland) when they understood what the terrorism is and what the causes and result are. After the terrorist attacks pronounced a surge of crimes against people from the Middle East, and other people who looked similar. Suffered tied(p) some Sikhs who wear turbans, traditionally associated with Muslims.Reported insults,attacks on mosques and other ghostlike buildings (including the burning of a Hindu temple), and attacks on people, including one murder, September 15, was mortally wounded by Balbir Singh Sodhi, a Sikh who was mistaken for a Muslim. 130 rating of death chair Bush after the attacks rose to 86%. 131 September 20, 2001 the President spoke to the nation and a joint session of Congress, regarding the events of 11 September, succeeding(a) the rescue and recovery operations, as well as the response of the U.S. presidential terms intentions. In addition, the important role played by new-made York City mayor Rudy Giuliani, who deserved the appreciation of the public, both in smart York and at the national level. Deportations 1941 in USSR. After the publication of the Decree of the praesidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR On t he resettlement of Germans living in the Volga region of 28 August 1941 has been eliminated Autonomous Republic of the Volga Germans and produced total deportation of Germans from ASSR.For this purpose, in advance on the territory of the Autonomous Republic of NP were introduced NKVD troops. Germans were staged within 24 hours to prepare for resettlement and a limited modus operandi of its assets to arrive at the collection points. German inhabitants of the commonwealth were taken to unconnected areas of Siberia, Kazakhstan and Central Asia. According to this decree in September and October 1941 were deported 446,480 Soviet Germans (according to other sources 438 280).In September 1941, many military service persons of German nationality were sent from the front to the rear. In subsequent months, the deportation has touched almost the integral German population living in European Russia and the Caucasus that were not booked by the Wehrmacht. The resettlement of Germans made gr adually and was completed by May 1942. Totally during the war were moved up to 950 thousand Germans. 367,000 Germans were deported to the east the republic of Komi, in the Urals, Kazakhstan, Siberia and the Altai.Babi Yar Estimate between 100 and 150 thousands jewish people were killed during WW 2 in Babi yar. There were a lot of interactions in different influences during many different events and specific situation that caused a lot of deaths of barren people. Sometimes many cultures, nations and ethnoses are discriminated or even eliminated because of misunderstanding. It will emit untill people do not understand that there are to a greater extent other non-violent ways of solving problems.

Happiness Found in Happy Prince by Oscar Wilde Essay

Most heroism deals with promotion of virtue and reproach of vice. Sloughing finish from such a hackneyed, yet widely used frame of thought, the new(a) The happy Prince (1888) by Oscar Wilde connects heroism with tenderness. With a subconscious reminiscent in the midst of courage and hero, compassion is generally not a base association with a strong image of a hero. Oscar Wilde however, through with(predicate) enjoyment of the happy prince as a mechanism, conveys the idea of compassion and sacrifice which consists of bliss and stunner under a plot of heroism.The compassion felt by the ingenious Prince can be distinguished in two levels of digest on himself and on the poor. The knowing Prince, once a real prince who lived indoors absolute extravagance, had a life far from poverty, hunger or servility. Upon encountering the indifferent reality of civilian faces after becoming a statue, the Happy Prince expresses his compassion on himself by saying My courtiers called me t he Happy Prince, and happy indeed I was, if pleasure be happiness. (5)This distinction indicates the realization of the Happy Prince on the diversion between aesthetic happiness and materialistic pleasure. It also foreshadows the displacement of the Happy Princes compassion from his own old self to the poor, which causes heroic proceeding by the Happy Prince. The jewels sent by the Happy Prince to the poor in the novel atomic number 18 not just simple sapphires or gold. Rather, they are true jewels resulted from self compassion.Such open-mindedness of the Happy Prince allows him to be penitent for his past misdeeds and sacrifice himself to supplement such faults, which resulted in promotion of the common good. level tells us that those who are titled as leaders sacrifice themselves for others. unheeding of how much sacrifice they burden, all leaders have a certain extent of private loss to yield common welfare. Similarly, the story The Happy Prince also depicts heroism based on sacrifice.In the novel, the Happy Prince, having beauty as a single reason for its production, sacrifices himself to the non haves on the streets by distributing his jewels through the help of a sparrow. Since the purpose for its existence diminishes, the mayor of the city at last destroys the statue of the Happy Prince. The point Oscar Wilde makes at this part is that action for others with sincerity and veracity overwhelms the loss one gets through such action.As Erich Fromm, a German philosopher wrote in his book, To Have or To Be, property without purpose loses the cheer of it and absence with a purpose is more valued than its presence. Having firm flavour on his action, the Happy Prince was able to practice his heroism. Mother Theresa said she lived a happy life. Her happy life, Mother Theresa said, seems to overlap with the life the Happy Prince lived as a statue. They both gave everything they had for others and earned happiness as exchange. lenity and sacrifice may be a true key to arising a treasure box full of happiness and beauty.

Media Impect Essay

IntroductionChildren and adolescents prevail entryway to and consume a variety of different media forms, including television, the Internet, harmony and euphony videos, film and video games, many of which contain high levels of fiery guinea pig. The commercial enterprise (and the controversy) lies in whether unfounded content in media affects a young roughbodys beliefs and behaviors, and more specific in ally, if frequent picture show contri scarcees to increased aggression and tied(p) hysteria in young people.Much of the research on the kinship in the midst of media exposure and aggression supports such a connection. Although critics maintain challenged the hardihood of these findings, suggesting that the studies focused only on short-term cause and were conducted in controlled testing ground settings, one strike suggests that exposure to violent media in home environments has long implications.1Promising st set outgies for cut down exposure to media hysteria ar available and embarrass limit setting by parents/guardians, technological innovations such as the v-chip (which blocks unconnected shows or content from being viewed by tiddlerren), and media literacy information.Scope of the Problem nigh American homes (99%) have a television set, and over half(prenominal) of all nipperren have a television set in their bedrooms. After sleeping, watch television is the most frequent activity of pip-squeakren. The aver epoch child spends 28 hours a week watching television. By the time the average child is 18 historic period old, he or she will have witnessed 200,000 acts of violence, including 16,000 murders. Up to 20 acts of violence per hour occur in childrens programming.2Movies, music videos, video games, and the Internet also contain high levels of violent content correlated with youth violence. Internet websites showing violence (killing, shooting, fighting, etc.) correlate with a 50% increase in reports of seriously violent behav ior. effect on the internet is also possibly the most damaging and in demand of more research.3 In 2003, about 12.5% of roughly 22 million adolescents (10-14 years old) saw 40 of the most violent movies.4 One recent study showed a physiological connection with desensitization to violent video games.5 in that location is little research on the effect of music videos and behavior, but there is limited information on rap videos and their effect on pugnacious attitudes.6Media as a Risk FactorThe blood between exposure to violent media and aggression has been researched extensively over the past 30 years. antithetical types of studies have confirmed a correlation.2 A review of almost 600 studies shows trinity main results of media violence aggression, desensitization, and fear.7 Exposure to media violence also has been correlated with changes in youth attitudes about the use of violence in interpersonal relationships.8 firearm the evidence may be compelling, translation of the se findings to the real world has been problematic.6 Findings are criticized on the grounds that most studies were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions and focused on short-term changes in behavior. It is unclear whether violent media has similar personal effects when viewed in home or fellowship settings and whether such exposure has long-term consequences.8 query involving the Children in the Community Study addressed these limitations and demonstrated a relationship between consistent expending of media (3 hours a day) in the home/community and an increased likelihood of aggression toward others. Researchers followed 707 families for a 17-year period and examined the relationship between consumption of media and aggression, using youth self-report, parental report, and criminal arrest selective information. 42 percent of males who viewed television more than 3 hours per day at age 14 were reported to have been involved in strong-growing acts that resulted in injur y when they were 16 or 22 years old, this compared to 9% of males who viewed slight than 1 hour of television per day.This relationship persisted until now after tyrannical for other factors such as prior history of aggressive behavior, child neglect, neighborhood violence, family income, psychiatric disorders, and gender.1 Social learning theory provides an explanation for how violent media may influence childhood aggression. Social learning theory posits that a child learns how to act and forms his or her attitudes from observing important role models in his or her life. Characters portrayed in the media may become models that influence the childs attitudes, beliefs, and behavior. He or she may learn to see violence as a part of everyday life and an acceptable elan to solve interpersonal problems.Because violence in the media is so frequently presented without shun consequences, youth may fail to accurately assess or even understand the real-life consequences of violent actio ns against others.8 Children 7 years and younger do not understand the difference between reality and fantasy, according to research.9 Developmentally, they are less(prenominal) able to discern reality from fantasy and are more seeming to be emotionally and cognitively affected by the violence they observe.8Finally, the effects of violent media appear to be race-, class-, and gender-blind. Violent media influences both males and females (although some data suggest that males may be slightly more affected), and while some studies suggest a connection between socioeconomic and community factors and picture to the effects of media violence, most research shows that all groups can experience the effects of media violence on attitudes and behaviors.8Promising StrategiesAt present, little research exists on the effectiveness of different interventions for reduction the effects of violent media on children. around common sense approaches such as limiting childrens access to violent med ia and teaching them to be informed media consumers have gained support from paid and legislative groups. Despite the lack of research, available interventions have both transcendent and theoretical appeal.Limiting Access To and Consumption of Violent MediaResearchers have engraft that limiting media consumption, including television cover and video game playing, can flinch short-term aggressiveness in children.10 Since the majority of childrens media exposure occurs in the home, parents/caretakers play a pivotal role in limiting consumption both by monitoring their childs conceive habits and by regulating what and how much media they consume. Parents/guardians should engage their children in discussion of this issue but realize that they may not share their childrens opinions or interpretations of violent programming and content.8 In 1996 Congress passed the Telecommunications Act, which was intended to assist parents and caregivers in reducing childrens exposure to violent m edia.11 The legislation calls for the inclusion of V-Chips in all new televisions and for the development of a rating system to change parents/caretakers to assess the violence content of specific shows.11,12 The ratings system, however, is voluntary and networks are allowed to rate their own shows.9 To some extent, the industry is responding with devices such as Weemote and TVGuardian, which can get through out certain television channels and even offensive language, thereby providing some level of parental control over childrens viewing preferences.12Developing Media Literacy in Parents and YouthAnother strategy to reduce the effects of violent media is media literacy training. Parents/caregivers and children are taught to critically appraise the media they consume and develop strategies for reducing exposure to violence. They are taught to distinguish between real and fantasy violence, advert the real-life consequences of violent acts that occur in the media, critically asses s the motivations of the producers in do the media product, and describe nonviolent alternatives to the violent actions contained in the programming. Despite this training, more than half of Americans do not know their television is equipped with a V-Chip and two-thirds have never used it.9 Media literacy training resources include the Just conceive of Foundation, which focuses on children by providing educational programs that can be utilized during or after school and on-line13 the focalise for Media Literacy, which offers media literacy training for teachers, parents, and community, civic, and youth leaders through exercises and activities in small group settings14 and the American Academy of Pediatrics Media Matters program, which provides training for health care professionals in media literacy and educational materials for use in the health care setting.15 References1. Johnson Jeffrey G., Patricia Cohen, Elizabeth M. Smailes, Stephanie Kasen, and Judith S. Brook. 2002. Tel evision viewing and aggressive behavior during adolescence and adulthood. Science295(5564)2468-2471.2. Beresin, Eugene V. 2009. The jounce of Media Violence on Children and Adolescents Opportunities for Clinical Interventions. American Academy of Child Adolescents Psychiatry. Retrieved February 16, 2010(http//www.aacap.org/cs/root/developmentor/the_impact_of_media_violence_on_chi ldren_and_adolescents_opportunities_for_clinical_interventions). 3. slang Ybarra, Michele L., Marie Diener-West, Dana Markow, Philip J. Leaf, Merle Hamburger, and Paul Boxer. 2008. Linkages between Internet and former(a) Media Violence with Seriously Violent Behavior by Youth. Pediatrics 122(5)929-937. Retrieved February 23, 2010 (www.pediatrics.org/cgi/inside/10.1542/peds.2007-3377). 4. Worth, Keilah A., Jennifer Gibson Chambers, Daniel H. Nassau, Balvinder K. Rakhra, and James D. Sargent. 2008. Exposure of U.S. Adolescents to Extremely Violent Movies. Pediatrics 122(2)306-312. Retrieved February 23, 201 0 (www.pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2007-1096).5. keep in line Carnagey, Nicholas L., Craig A. Anderson, and Brad J. Bushman. 2007. The effect of video game violence on physiological desensitization to real-life violence. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 43489-496. Retrieved February 23, 2010 (http//anderson.socialpsychology.org/).6. US Department of Health and Human operate. 2001. Youth Violence A breed of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for infirmity Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Substance handle and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services and National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health.7. Murray, John P. 2008. Media Violence The make Are Both Real and Strong. American Behavioral Scientist 51(8)1212-1230.8. Bushman, Brad J., and L. Rowell Huesmann. 2001. effects of Televised Violence on Aggression. In Sin ger DG, Singer JL, eds. Handbook of Children and the Media. gigabyte Oaks, CA Sage Publications.49. Federal communications Commission. In the progeny of violent television programming and its impact on children statement of Commissioner Deborah Taylor Tate. MB docket No. 04-261, April 25, 2007. Available athttp//fjallfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-07-50A5.pdf. Accessed February 23, 2010.10. Robinson, Thomas N., Marta L. Wilde, Lisa C. Navracruz, K. Farish Haydel, and Ann Varady. 2001. Effects of reducing childrens television and video game use on aggressive behavior a randomized controlled trial. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 15517-23.11. See http//www.fcc.gov/telecom.html12. See http//www.familysafemedia.com/v-chip.html13. See http//www.justthink.org14. See http//www.medialit.org15. See http//www.aap.org/advocacy/mediamatters.htmRelated Publications on Media ViolenceAnderson CA, Dill KE. Video games and aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behavior in the laboratory and in l ife. J Personality Social Psychol. 200078772-790. Bushman BJ. Effects of television violence on memory of commercialized messages. J Exper Psychol Applied. 19984291-307.Council on Communications and Media. 2009. Policy Statement Media Violence. Pediatrics 124(5)1495-1503. Retrieved February 23, 2010(www.pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2009-2146).Tangney JP, Feshbach S. Childrens television viewing frequency individual differences and demographic correlates. Personality Social Psychol Bull. 199814145-158. Willis E, Strasburger VC. Media violence. Pediatr Clin matrimony Am. 199845319-331. Internet ResourcesAmerican Academy of Pediatrics Media Mattershttp//www.aap.org/advocacy/mediamatters.htmThe Center for Media Literacy http//www.medialit.orgCenter for the Prevention of School Violence http//www.ncdjjdp.org/cpsv

Literary Lessons in Love Essay

If William Shakespeares work can be considered a foundation of literary achievement and theatrical excellence, the base of get by mustiness be one of its fundamental cornerstones. In many Shakespearean plays, rage is an effective theme that is advertently sculpted to yield the longingd earreach reaction or the required example lesson, and can enhance both comedic and tragic works.Most pregnantly, the portrayal of enjoy as a theme on stage is able to establish deep roots of mean within the lives of the audience, drawing parallels between imaginary characters and the striking reality of homophile emotion. In the Olivier adopt version of Shakespeares King Lear, the director conciliates careful decisions about character portrayal, camera angles, and lighting to accentuate particularly significant examples of narcism, materialistic have intercourse, and parental hunch forward in drawing the conclusion that issue, as exhibited by many characters in the opening act of his p lay, is thoroughly flawed. superstar of the most prominent seats supporting the directors choice to lay down the imperfect pursuit of have it off in King Lear occurs when the ageing King, overwhelmed by his desire for eulogy, decides to divide his expansive kingdom among his three daughters with the pursuit of self-love at heart. Lear asks his daughters, Which of you shall we say doth love us most? (1.1.46), and platforms to give the greater portion of his kingdom to the daughter who showers him lovingly with the most bountiful praise. agreeable himself so highly that he blinds himself from seeing the right way to make a decision, Lear exposes the occurrence that making unwise choices based on flattery and self-absorption is foolish. For example, the director of the film demonstrates the idea of Lears love for himself by enactment the daughters as Lear, himself, would view them following their differing declarations of love. Using costumes and makeup, the director depicts bo th Gonerill and Regan as elegant, mature women in colourful gowns, corresponding to their overly flattering claims of love for their catch.However, Cordelia is dressed simply in white, and plainly shows her nervous emotions, corresponding to her honourable and straightforward answer to Lears question. As a result of Lears uncontrollable love for his own re shedation, he disowns his favourite daughter, Cordelia, stating harshly, Better gee/ Hadst not been born than not thave pleased me better. (1.1.229-230) Lears other daughters, Gonerill and Regan, begin to believe that he is growing insane, and undermine their make by limiting the number of loyal knights that he will be allowed to keep at the castle. Clearly, Lears preoccupation with flawed self-love leads him to irreparable damage in his most meaningful relationships.In addition to Lears love of himself, Edmonds love of material possessions contributes to the theme of defective love in this film of King Lear. Edmond, the illeg itimate son of Gloucester, desires so potently to become his fathers heir to gain material possessions that he resorts to lies and trickery. Edmond visits his father with a false letter, allegedly from his brother, Edgar, describing Edgars supposed plan to kill Gloucester in order to gain early access to his fathers assets. According to the letter, Edgar believes that, this policy and reverence of age makes the/world pungent to the shell of our times, keeps our fortunes from us/till our oldness cannot relish them. (1.2.45-47) Edmonds acquisitive desire likely originated from his shame as an illegitimate son, and demonstrates the imprudence of devising such ferine schemes as a result of loving material possessions.As a result of Edmonds submission to a deep love of money, he sends his brother away out of mock fear for their fathers supposed rage, thus breaking the bonds of trust and love within the family. Edmonds selfish plan rooted in materialistic love as well causes Gloucest er to turn against his own legitimate son, calling Edgar an unnatural, detested, brutish villain. (1.2.69) The director of the film chooses to portray Edmonds disastrous pursuit of acquisitive love using a camera angle centred on Edmond throughout the soliloquy in which he details his selfish scheme. This camera shot represents Edmonds egoistical mind frame, with his sights set only on his own financial satisfaction, and alludes to the fact that Edmonds attention to love is terribly off-course.Finally, the exploration of familial love in the film illustrates Gloucesters flawed ability to understand authentic parental love. It is evident that Gloucesters love of his two sons, Edmond and Edgar, is both open and distrustful. For example, in spite of the expectation that parents keep their childrens sensitive emotions and best interests at heart, Gloucester thoughtlessly discusses Edmonds accidental conception in Edmonds very presence. Avoiding the thought of his sons possible emba rrassment, Gloucesters lurid claim of having, so/often blushed to acknowledge Edmond (1.1.8-9) proves him to be a gauze-like and insensitive father. As a result of Edmonds frustration and timber of inferiority towards his legitimate brother, he devises the deceitful scheme that tears obscure the familys trust. Furtherto a greater extent, Gloucesters instant acceptance of his son Edgar as the designer of Edmonds false, vindictive letter further demonstrates his imperfect fatherlike love, and proves him to be a gullible and distrustful parent.For example, Gloucester states spontaneously, as he skims the letter, Ill nail down Edgar. /Abominable villain, where is he? (1.2.70-71), jumping to conclusions and affirming that the letter must be Edgars, scour before he even has a kick downstairs to confirm the situation with his accused son. The director of the film depicts Gloucesters flawed familial love using a dark and shadowed lighting arrangement as the play begins, representin g the dim, imperfect relationships within the family. This lighting arrangement also foreshadows the blue(a) fragmentation of the family as a result of Gloucesters flawed fatherly love and his tactlessness for Edmonds feelings about his illegitimate conception.In conclusion, the theme of love as illustrated by Lear, Edmond, and Gloucester in the film portrays the message that serviceman love is often selfish, insensitive, or otherwise flawed. This theme speaks to the very root of compassionate behaviour, as much stress in daily life stems from the frustrations associated with little(a) relationships of love. As is evident from the subsequent effects of each characters defective love in this play, blindly misusing ones situation to love can easily harm other individuals, and may put ones own happiness at stake. Not only are Shakespeares plays valuable as entertainment they are vessels of moral education. By learning from these characters misunderstandings about love, humans have a chance to recognize faults and improve their own relationships. It may take little more than some basic literary lessons in love to raise human tolerance, to learn to appreciate one another, and to begin to make a end in our world by loving genuinely and selflessly.

Dunkin Donuts Marketing Plan Essay

Founded first as a restaurant c exclusivelyed Open Kettle, it was later renamed to Dunkin rings in 1950 by William Rosenberg and Stephen So in Quincy, Massachusetts. Dunkin Donuts has become most famous for its donuts all over the years, as well as their coffee. They have approximately 3,000 restaurants in the US and around the foundation, and sell 2.5 million donuts every day. Dunkin Donuts has evolved into one of Forbes magazine aggrandizement 10 Global Fast-Food Chains, and tops the lists of separate noted effort websites and magazines. Recently, Dunkin Donuts has changed the way they want customers to think about them by incorporating the tag gunstock America Runs On Dunkin, and adding new menu items, to their commercialiseing strategy. This tag bank note was introduced to revolve about on their coffee being a cheaper, down substructure alternative to the more expensive competitor, Starbucks. This tagline focuses on the fact that Dunkin Donuts is a broader swallow com p all and pull ins most of its profits from drinkings.Read more How or so words in a 10-minute speech.A.Market DescriptionWhile all of the victuals choices and beverage choices offered at Dunkin Donuts can appeal to any age, we feel its best to focus on college students at the University of Iowa right now. College students atomic number 18 cognize for pulling all-nighters to cram for their hardest midterm the next morning, or to write their 20-page interrogation paper the night before its overdue. Whats more openhearted than being able to get their cup of coffee, or favorite beverage to help stay awake than from Dunkin Donuts? an otherwise(prenominal) reason we want to focus on targeting college students is because they ar known to have unique schedules. They eat at odd times of the day, and are also looking for a play of collation aliments, rather than full meals, to satisfy their wants.There are currently no Dunkin Donut licenses on campus, solely there was one p recisely built in Coralville (neighboring town, 10 minute drive to the DD). This Dunkin Donuts unaccompanied has a smaller target commercialise, since it is not right in the college town and only students who have cars can travel to get their drinks and snacks. We want to integrate our franchise into one of the main buildings on campus to show students that purchasing our coffee is a interruptoption it is more affordable, easily rise to powerible and offers a draw of menu choices, something that competitors dont do as well today.B.Benefits and harvest FeaturesThe Iowa campus has offers more benefits of why Dunkin Donuts should open a store here. virtuoso of the learn benefits that Dunkin Donuts offers is the diverse set of menu offers. They have created an appealing menu for any time of year. For example, Dunkins coffee is served hot, frozen, or iced, every day of the year. some other key benefit that would help Dunkin Donuts be successful in Iowa city is the affordabili ty. Dunkin Donuts is known to have different promotions going on that makes their products cheaper, and plane when their promos arent happening, their coffee is still more affordable than Starbuckss coffee (also rigid on campus). Now I want to talk about some of Dunkin Donuts products.Product features are what sets your telephoner apart from another, and it is authorised to point out that Dunkin Donuts has a wide pattern of products. They serve hot, iced, frozen, and at home brewing products so that their products appeal to every oddball of customer. On the food side of products, there are both break prodigal sandwiches and bakehouse sandwiches, bakery cooked level-headeds, and even hash browns and oatmeal. Dunkin Donuts features many different products, which makes it a total place for any consumer to take their business.C.Product ReviewDunkin Donuts provides a wide regurgitate of beverages and food items on their menu. First off, their beverages range from hot beverages , to iced beverages, to frozen beverages, and even to at home brewing beverages. In the humid, hot summers in Iowa urban center, students get out be able to purchase their iced coffee or iced tea to sang-froid off before class. In the freezing cold winters, students can untoughened up by purchasing their large latte or heartily apple cider. If consumers in Iowa City are not coffee drinkers, they are able to opt to frozen coolattas in a variety of fruit flavors.Dunkin Donuts also offers a wide variety of bakery items and sandwiches on their menu. The bakery items are sure to capture any consumers taste cravings by offer their famous donuts, bagels, muffins, hash browns, and more. The sandwiches on the menu can be for eat, or lunch sandwiches. On the sandwiches, you can choose if you want your meat to be bacon, sausage, ham, Angus steak, or turkey sausage. They are served on any type of bakery item included on their menu. This shows there are so many options for sandwiches, and even ranging to a few vegan sandwiches with just eggs or spinach. As for lunch sandwiches, you can choose from ham, turkey, grilled cheese, chicken salad, chicken, and tunny salad. This proves that Dunkin Donuts will satisfy any college students food craving by appealing to everyones appetite and drink needs.D.Competitive ReviewOn campus, competition is fierce for student business. The biggest competition in Iowa City is Starbucks. Starbucks appeals to students in the heavens because of their well-known, national place name. They wish well to appeal to consumers by offering a premium blend of coffees, as well as smoothies, teas, and bakery items. Also, Starbucks is a known hotspot with free wireless Internet, which tends to bring in the typical college student looking for a place to study. On the other hand, Iowa City is well known for their local anesthetic coffee shops. One of these topically owned competitors is The Java House. The Java House sucks older customers rather th an students, alone a safe amount of students still take their business there.They are similar to any other coffee shop, offering different blends of coffees, as well as bakery items to eat. The Java House is known for their artistic creation and interesting atmosphere in their shops, which makes it stand out to a drawstring club. Two other local coffee shops are TSpoons and Capanna. They both attract a fair amount of students as well. Both of these shops offer students a refuge to study instead of going to the library and a good cup of joe, along with a quick snack. A last signifier of competition Dunkin Donuts would be competing with in Iowa City would be other fast food restaurants. Places like The Pita Pit, Jimmy Johns, and Which Wich all offer breakfast and lunch sandwiches for on the go college students. Jimmy Johns puss phrase is Freaky Fast, for example. When it comes to coffee and sandwiches, Iowa City has a good amount of competition in the area forDunkin Donuts to c ompete with.III.SWOT AnalysisA.StrengthsDunkin Donuts has many capabilitys in the way that they market their food and drinks. First, Dunkin Donuts has a wide variety of items for customers choose from. Not every coffee shop in the area has their range of drinks on their menu, as well as the amount of breakfast sandwiches and famous donuts on their menu. This aspect of Dunkin Donuts is a definite internal strength to help the ships company reach their objectives. Another strength Dunkin Donuts has is that they are a major global company. They have franchises in numerous other countries other than the United States, and most people around the world know the companys name.This strength also helps the company be able to market on the television and signs on the street, which is a major advantage from competitors. Another strength is that there is strong brand loyalty within their customers. notwithstanding like their biggest competitor, Starbucks, Dunkin Donuts has customers who love their service and products so much that they refuse to go elsewhere for their cup of coffee in the morning or snack in the afternoon. This sense of loyalty is what Dunkin Donuts has accomplished over the years and is a major marketing strength.B.WeaknessDunkin Donuts has a few internal weaknesses that have interfered with the companys ability to reach their objectives. First they have not substantial into emerging economies. Introducing their franchises into emerging economies could make the company more profitable than they already are. A second weakness Dunkin Donuts has is express mail market share outgrowth due to ontogenesisd competition from other sales in the diligence. This limited market share growth shows that Dunkin Donuts is very competitive with others in the industry and is not growing their revenues as fast as others in the industry. One last weakness facing Dunkin Donuts is the struggles withfranchise owners in different move of the world. There have been nume rous instances where Dunkin Donuts franchise owners have been sued by the company because of disagreements. These fights make the company look dysfunctional internally, and take their focus and dollars outside from their customers.C.OpportunityDunkin Donuts has many opportunities to make their company even more successful than it already is. One major opportunity Dunkin Donuts could do is introduce low gram calorie snacks to their menu. In youthful years, consumers have started to feel the need to eat better and not eat at fast food restaurants as practically as in past years. If Dunkin Donuts introduced a healthier side to their menu, they could gain many more customers.Another opportunity is to increase their market to newer countries and economies. The world is growing exponentially right now and a great imagination to create more revenue would be to open franchises in these new, uprise countries. Another opportunity in todays market to increase customers is to start using e ffective online marketing strategies. Life today is all about the cyber world, and almost every country around the world has access to the Internet or computers. As effective as television commercials and advertisements on billboards are, Dunkin Donuts could further their marketing plans by extending advertisements to cyber space.D.ThreatsIn every market, there are outer threats in the world that companies cannot control. One of the largest threats in the fast food world is the threat of customers moving to healthier ways of eating. The world has last realized that greasy fries and sugary drinks are not going to keep you healthy. Dunkin Donuts has a fair amount of healthier options on their menu, but the majority of products are greasy, sugary, and calorie filled treats. If Dunkin Donuts realizes this threat, they could change their menu for the better to attract the health conscious customer. Another threat for this company is the recent increase in raw materials.Pricing is very important in a company, and with this increase in materials, the company has had to increase prices. This is not Dunkin Donuts fault, but customers may see it in that way. Another wide threat is the constant competition from other cafes and local joints. In the Iowa City area, specifically, the number of local coffee shops outnumbers the large chain shops. Many consumers like the thought that they arent giving all their money to large franchises and pick to take their business to the locally owned spots. If Dunkin Donuts finds ways to decrease these external threats, they could make their company even more successful than it already is.Strengths entire range of products for consumers to choose fromGlobal companyStrong customer brand loyaltyOpportunitiesIntroduction of lower calorie menuExpand market to new countries and emerging economiesUse of effective online marketing strategiesWeaknessesHave not developed into emerging economiesLimited market share growth due to competitionFig hts/suits with franchise ownersThreatsTrend of people eating healthier accession in prices of raw materials makes menu prices higher Constant competition from local coffee and caf joints

Hiring Based on Body Art Essay

Why do slightly employers ban tattoos while early(a) doesnt mind them? If a person is trying to get a rank that interacts with the public or with pot from other companies, those other volume could be judgmental active tattoos that ar viewable outside the clothes. on that points probably a variety of lands alone I think a common star is that some(a) companies feel that their employees project their compevery image and theyd worry some say in the image that they go for. This is obviously truer when the employees be accordings with the public.Now in some industries, the company image of employees having tattoos is benefit, a hardly in others, especially in certain more conservative markets, tattoos atomic number 18 viewed as a blemish on the image. Keep in mind, too, that some companies pay marketing and PR firms quite a lot of notes to develop and reinforce the chosen image for the company and with those companies, its an valuable thing that they want to project and they want to protect it. Employers tend to furnish to their customers.If their customers are more conservative, they probably wont want to deal with a tattooed and pierced salesperson/clerk, and they whitethorn ask someone to guide their piercings and spread all over their tattoos with commodious sleeved clothing, for instance. Some employers dont care, its the quality of the person and his/her work that matters. As long as you trim down safely (i. e. , sturdy shoes if youre working around dour machinery and pull long hair back if youre around base equipment) it doesnt matter. And some employers those who are trendy and catering to a younger and more edgy crowd may encourage itBecause some of us think tattoos are a sign of less than upstanding slip of person. Some dont want to meet their customers think that the concern is not upstanding, and having employees with tattoos will make their business look lousy. I personally associate tattoos with drug use, as many w ho use drug cover the marks with tattoos, and therefore would not really like to have nourishment served to me by a tattooed server, out of fear of disease associated with intervenes drug use. Tattoos are not a civil by rights. A company has a right to control the overdress, hairstyles, and overall appearance of their employees.A company probably wouldnt ban a tattoo, but if someone has Evil Satan on their forehead that is probably not going to go over in a concern interview Because for certain job like those high up its not healthy. Say youre in the concerns office && your doctor has tattoos all over even on his face would you think he knew what he was doing. To me they give off a bad image in the work place I feel tats dont get me wrong but getting them in ridicules places seem unprofessional. Sure it doesnt affect your force of how you do the job but other pals opinions would not get you any high up job nor business.Should it be illegal to allow tattoos to be a element at all in the hiring process? I think it should be frowned upon, but not illegal. If you have a company and you have people representing you, then you nominate choose what kind of image those people have. Theres a lot of stigma related with tattoos culturally (whether founded or unfounded isnt the point), and if theres an industry or position where that stigma could affect business, then thats the bosss decision. Its not like people whove gotten tattoos didnt know that it might be an issue later on, you should get them where you can cover them up.They make people take piercings out to work (some little old lady at the supermarket may be offended by a septum piercing etc. ). The issue isnt whether it should be illegal to not consider because of tattoos, its that we should all just get over it as a society. Depends do they have an Hate Kill tattoo across their knuckles, an tattoo of an national socialist flag on the forehead, or an naked men/women on their contend? Any place wher e they work at is an professional place. So so they need to look professional and keep bringing back people. If its a very beautiful rtistic tattoo I would allow it, or if its a tattoo that means a lot to them, over again I would allow it. (What I mean by allowing it is exposing it) As long as its tasteful or able to keep the tattoo hidden. In some jobs I think it should be illegal.. Like when a food product store wont hire someone with visible tattoos or piercings, thats ridiculous. A tattoo doesnt make you look any less presentable in that situation. (I used to have to cover exploit up ) But for other jobs, where being presentable and demanding respect (a lawyer, a judge, a cop, maybe a doctor I think it is lovely that tattoos are a factor. I wouldnt want my attorney to have tattoos all over their arms. Yes, many businesses will allow one that cant be seen, many feel it is not acceptable in the work place. Many do not allow nose piercings to ill-defined at work along with ch in, and lip. It is their business and if they feel it makes a bad presentation or statement about employees that should be there natural selection No. Its up to the employer. They dont have to hire you if you have a tattoo and they shouldnt be forced to do so. Same as a smoker, drinker, etc. Im talk of the town private sector now.Im certain(predicate) there are some politicians working on government requirements to have a quota of at least 10% people with tattoos. nope. There are only a few illegal categories for favoritism such as sex, age over 40, race, etc. tats are way down the line from those. I have ink but it is on my biceps & hidden most of the time. I know people with full sleeves, skull & even facial tats. One mans head is mostly green. They knew before they did it that they were making a life decision. short not For one thing, having a tat is a risky behaviour one that many employers may not want in an employee.another(prenominal) is that many people who buy goods think that tats where you can see them is tacky, and may shop elsewhere. No one is entitled to work at a place where their personal looks or behavior is to the detriment of the business Is It court-ordered for Employers to slump job-seekers because they have piercings or tattoos? legal? YES, unless. the tattoos/piercings are related to a bona-fide religion and/or ethnicality and the employment decision was do based on that religion/ethnicity. this is a grey area that the EEOC can assist in but generally it is legal for an employer to have such a constitution EDITThis is taken from the EEOC website and the accommodation for tattoos and piercings COULD polish under this. Employers must evenhandedly arrest employees sincerely held religious practices unless doing so would impose an un callable misery on the employer. A reasonable religious accommodation is any enrolment to the work environment that will allow the employee to practice his religion. An employer might accommodate an employees religious beliefs or practices by allowing flexible scheduling, voluntary substitutions or swaps, job reassignments and lateral transfers, Fair or not, its life.There are laws about bias for race/gender/religion but slide fastener about appearance of non-naturally occurring features. Certainly employers can reject an applicant for the reason of appearance perhaps their customer base would not respond befittingly to piercings or tattoos or unusual hair color. Im sure there are some positions where it would not be a problem, but I cant see those being assets in a law firm or accounting office. Some places prohibit visible piercings and tattoos (schools for example). Strictly legal, piercings/tattoos are NOT set out as a special category of people.In Federal discrimination laws, those categories are sex, age, race, nationality, ethnic origin, religion, disability, marital or military status. So, since Federal law has not made piercings/tattoos a distinct discrimination basis or category, it would not be illegal under Federal discrimination law to reject an employee due to this. State laws usually follow the same basis on discrimination as the Federal law with few exceptions. So unless you could link piercings/tattoos to an quick discrimination base, fair or not, that is a reasonable reason to reject a person.Employers look at a persons ability to do the job, and they look at safety issues. For example a person who has only one arm may be rejected for a job where he must lift a certain imprisonment and throw heavy ropes, such as a long shore up man. The person with one arm may feel that is unfair, but if he cannot do the job or must rely on other workers to do his work the rejection is legal. A person with a piercing may have the potential of a safety problem in a fast moving assembly line where people are not even allowed to wear wedding rings.EDIT for those who do not view the law and how discrimination may be perceived this is directly fro m the EEOC, tattoos fall under the same guidelines as a dress code so there are instances where not hiring just due to the tattoos COULD be seen as discrimination and could cause the employer problems if nothing more than having to defend their reasoning small-arm an employer may require all workers to follow a uniform dress code even if the dress code conflicts with some workers ethnic beliefs or practices, a dress code must not treat some employees less favorably because of their national origin.

Online Therapy Paper Essay

This paper is related to an online therapy. This paper consists of the elements and contents of the development that is found on any online therapy website along with the information of the professionals that argon gnarled in that therapy. The paper to a fault outlines the way in which most of the discourse relating online therapy. The paper will as well as highlight the policies and regulations that provide funda amiables to buy the farm an online therapy. The paper also compreh lasts the separate regulation authority to observe and visit online therapy. The paper will also present the information relative to the ethical and security issues same confidentiality along with informed consent. The paper will end up with a small discussion regarding the benefits and risks of the online therapy. The first selected website of online therapy that retrieved was www.lzcybershrink.com where the inspection and repairs argon advertised by Elizabeth Zelvin. Elizabeth Zelvin is acknowle dged as a licensed clinical loving worker along with a psycho healer. on the whole services atomic number 18 provided by the iodin person that is her. Ms. Zelvin as retrieved from her biography holds 20 historic period of fellowship and was abstruse in a private service in New York State. Ms. Zelvin handled conversation relating online therapy by means of implication of a call on the carpet live backing. This chat dwell provides opportunity to lymph nodes to ar kitchen stove a schedule of intercession and appointment with Ms. Zelvin onwards actual arrival through employing email. The professional involved provide a password for her patients and start conversation through write in at same time through online setting. The cost is offered ground on hour, hour and email exchange. The cost of a 30 scrap chat is set at $65 trance a 60 min chat is priced at $100 while a single email exchange costs $45. The service accepts most of the online payment systems and faith ca rds but the payment have to be done in the beginning the actual schedule of therapy. The website also shows advertisements regarding the books and songs she has written along with the poetry. The website is whole relating the packaging content of the Ms. Zelvin. (Zelvin, 2009) The other website that was retrieved as an online therapy website is www.live-counselor.com. This website provides services of online therapy employing a chat get on for communication purposes.The website involves 200 different professionals that are therapists, counselors, along with any(prenominal) favorable workers available. The website consists of live counselors who provide a mediating service to make connections of the thickenings with therequired therapist, counselors and the social workers. The site provides support with addictions, coping with crisis or somatogenetic conditions, eating disorders, parenting, individual(prenominal) development, personalizedizedity and emotional disorders, and relationship issues. The service provided is charged per minute. The rates range from $1to $1.89. Registration of credit card is done before starting of conversation. Live-counselor is moreover a moderator and has non required setting appointments yet the clients may sign-in anytime their service provider is available. The profile of professionals shows a mark on them while they are online. The site does non have any other content as well service providers biographies, disclaimers in regard to not taking responsibility for anything that occurs on the website, and the billing process. (Live-Counselor, 2009) The third website relating an online therapy was retrieved from www.serenityonlinetherapy.com.The website provides the information regarding the therapy via email or a chat-room set-up. The website centralizes on a single service provider that is Carl Benedict, a Licensed clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) in the State of Maryland. He got the experience of 12 days as the rapist and provides services in mental health clinic along with a hospital. Mr. Benedict counts for a three years experience in online therapy. The price of chat is charged as $50 for 60 minute chat along with a discount offered as a package for the clients of online therapy. Many categories of articles are uploaded by Mr. Benedict regarding mixed issues clients might be experiencing same as, depression, childhood trauma, addiction, parenting, grief and loss, and duel diagnosis. The website also shows some inspirational poems along with some sayings to motivate the clients by Mr. Benedict. (Benedict, 2009) All states in the US, except California, license professional counselors. The state counselor licensure boards plow the application processes and procedures that have been established by law in to each one state.The National Board for dependant Counselors (NBCC) website lists the contact information for each states, except California, Board of Mental Health Practice. The webs ite empowers and enables clients the ability to check the credentials of professionals who are offering online therapy and make an informed decision of whether or not to hire that particular professional. (NBCC, 2009) For the reason of advancement in technology and scholarship there do arise some ethical and security issues. It is visualised that online therapy give rise to issueslike security, which concerned that any online therapy is safe and effective, either there is chance that clients provide true information relative to the consent, along with the confirmation of clients and professionals as real who are involved in communication process while in chat rooms. All three websites retrieved for this paper provide disclaimers on them to make clients and professionals on safe side while online therapy like If you have serious thoughts of hurting yourself or others, dial 911 or if you have a chronic mental illness requiring intense treatment online therapy is not an pickax fo r you(Benedict, 2009). The three websites visited all use chat room settings for communication purposes.A password is provided to the client who registers himself by making payments through credit card. That specific password is then used by the client whenever he wants to sign in not only in chat room but also for the therapy session. The client has no way of penetrating what type of security software or measures the online therapist is using to nurse their personal information. Nothing guarantees that the client is who he or she claims in a handed-down setting the client and the therapist know who is present. Online therapy present some barriers regarding the options of making payment and the client is also going through a risk to pay for an online therapy session. All three websites involve a credit card payment which provides risks to clients in terms of leaking of their credit card and personal information because of providing information online. On other hand in physical se tting the credit card is only swiped or the payments tramp be done through cash and cheques.The client holds every control regarding his personal information while in a physical office or clinical setting along with having every possible payment option for making payments. Some of the ethical issues also arise because of the technology advancements, like as is it ethical to provide online therapy when there no guarantees that the client and therapist say he or she is. In an office setting at least the client and the therapist can use ids to ensure identity. Online therapy does not require medical records how is the therapist supposes to know the physical and mental health of a client? The therapist has to rely on self-disclosure which is taking a big risk on the therapists behalf. How can a therapist tell if the client is fully participating in therapy? In a traditional setting the therapist can rely on body language which is how most human communication is made. This part of writt en report presents some risks that are involved while involving oneself in online therapy.A traditional therapy session allows for a therapist to get a full picture of the clients well- being by having access to medical records and being able to read a clients body language. another(prenominal) un hold dearable element with online therapy is because clients likes to know who is helping him, what he or she looks like for security reasons, and the inability to read body language is upsetting. Some benefits that are derived from online therapy in terms of clients are discussed in this part. An example of advantage is anonymity this helps those clients who face some social difficulties in a traditional therapy setting and hence can find it advantageous to be in their comfort zone while at their own home. Clients having difficulties to approach a fixedness and dependable transportation can be benefited by the online therapy. This technology also facilitated those clients who lack the p resence of any local therapist and thus can get the opportunity to find someone online for that help and assistance.Online therapy is an alternative for clients and is the clients choice to decide what works best for him or her. subsequently going through an in-depth study of the online therapy it is recommended that the client has to measure the both sides of the online therapy before deciding for himself what to implement. Individual needs vary from person to person so we cannot say what work best for whom. It is also depicted that the technology on one side is exciting as well as polemical at the same time.ReferencesBenedict, C. (2009). Services. Retrieved from http//www.serenityonlinetherapy.com Live-Counselor. (2009). Services. Retrieved from http//www.live-counselor.com The National Board for Certified Counselors(NBCC) . (2009). Retrieved from http//www.nbcc.org.Zelvin, E. (2009). Elizabeth Zelvin. Retrieved from http//www.lzcybershrink.com.

Macroeconomics and Managerial Decision Making Essay

A inlet is defined as a period of temporary scotch evenfall during which trade and industrial activity are reduced, generally place by a fall in GDP in devil successive quarters (Farnham, 2014). The United States began to experience this crisis in 2007 and continued to relish its effects in early 2012 (Farnham, 2014). Employment growth during the current recovery has been weak compared with past recoveries. It has taken nearly five years since the spring of the economic expansion for nonfarm employment to return to its pre-recession peak (Laderman & Leduc, 2014, para 2). saucily businesses or start-ups grew very shadowyly during the recovery phase.Because start-ups generate jobs at a much faster pace than older businesses during recoveries, the account for a monumental portion of job growth in the economy, even though their shell out of overall employment is quite small (Laderman & Leduc, 2014, para 2). Employment at start-ups was particularly hard-hit during the Great R ecession, suffering a much steeper decline in growth compared with more mature businesses compared with start-ups in previous recessions (Laderman & Leduc, 2014, para. 3). healthcare is also affected by economic changes. The results are usually seen subsequently than some other areas as during periods of layoff employees are generally afforded a breach package that covers their insurance for a period of time (Bassett, 2008). Surgeries are star part of the health care industry that is affected by the economy. From out-of-pocket procedures like Lasik to surgeries covered by insurance, many patients are more un ordaining to undergo procedures that are more expensive than a regular resorts visit (Bassett, 2008, p. 19). The life insurance industry also tangle a change in their capital levels in 2008 (Cooper & Frank, 2011). Best summarized 2008 as among the worst in memory for life/annuity operating process(Cooper & Frank, 2011, p. 78). Puerto Rico has been in a multiyear recession beginning in 2006 and it anticipates it will continue through 2015 with a possible end in raft beginning in 2016 (Ruiz, 2015).Puerto Ricos manufacturing sector has seen a calculating decline in investment since the expiration of tax-free credits in 2006, given by the US to corporations in the Commonwealth, which has been the main driver of the recession (Ruiz, 2015, p. 1). Although the real estate market in Puerto Rico now appears to be becoming more attractive. Puerto Rican real estate is becoming increasingly attractive, as the multiyear recession depressed price growth (Ruiz, 2015, p. 2). A period of slow economic growth is not a good time to invest, expand, or start-up your business. Personal assets are an important part of the funding process for brand-new businesses and the downturn of the housing market weakened the ability for many to invest, expand, or begin a young company (Laderman & Leduc, 2014).ReferencesBassett, E. (2008). Health care sacrificed during economic slo wdown. Fort Wayne Business Press, 19-19. Farnham, P.G. (2014). Economics for Managers 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Education. Laderman, L., & Leduc, S. (2014). Slow business start-ups and the job recovery. FRBSF Economic Letter, 20. Ruiz, G. (2015). Consumption weak condescension a recovery in investment. Latin American Monitor, 1-2.

Beer Economics †Supply and Demand Essay

The laws of Supply and Demand may be a simple concept except when it comes to beer. Two large beer companies acquire organise an Oligopoly and have taken the major power from the people. Income high, or income low, beer will be purchased eve if the damage is non always right. A social gathering is non social without the presence of beer. Beer has been a growing persistence year after(prenominal) year. The craft, or microbrewery industry, has grown tremendously since the early 1980s, and the Brewers Association reckons that there be now over 1,500 brewing companies in the country, a level not seen since Prohibition was introduced in 1919 (Krafoff, 1).Pabst Blue Ribbon, in 1890 the most popular beer in the U. S. , has seen its marketplaceplace sh be drop to 2. 8%, but it has enjoyed a revivification due to its cheap price, decent taste, and new-found cachet among urban hipsters (Krafoff, 1). The beer market is a completely open market. Any mavin with a marketing idea and a recipe can get a contract brewery to vex the ware (Krafoff, 1). Almost every bar has a dozen taps with free-lance and local brews, but there are two definite brands you wint ever have to look hard for Coors and Budweiser.As late as 2004, 64 percent of the global beer market ownership was disjointed among ten beer corporations (Anderson, 5). In 2008 the merger of Anheuser-Busch (A-B) and global giant InBev created the worlds largest brewer Anheuser-Busch InBev (ABI), followed by SABMiller (second-largest) and Molson Coors Brewing Company (fifth-largest) (Anderson, 5). To better compete with ABIs growing world beer market share, SABMiller and Molson Coors combined their U. S. and Puerto Rico operations to turn out their joint venture, MillerCoors LCC (Anderson, 5).With these massive consolidations, the two beer giants (ABI and MillerCoors) now have combined go through of more than 40 percent of the world beer market and 80 percent of the linked States beer market (Anderson , 5). MolsonCoors operates in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom. Their products include Coors Light, Coors, pillar Light, Blue Moon, MGD 64 and many new(prenominal) recognizable beers. Their number one competitor is Anheuser-Busch. Their products include Budweiser, Bud Light, Michelob, Shock Top and many others. The beer market has formed into a classic oligopoly a market with just a a few(prenominal) firms dominating the industry.Both MolsonCoors and Anheuser-Busch have substantial market power and control over beer prices. They are mutually interdependent. MolsonCoors cant cabbage the price of Coors Light unless Anheuser-Busch raises the price of Bud Light. Both companies are agonistic into the game theory. They have to play a guessing game of what the other company is going to do and lower or raise their prices ground upon their assumptions. It may seem easy for them to just agree to the same price and share the market. Unfortunately, that is called a cartel, and is illegal in the United States.Their products have few substitutes and equilibrates. A substitute of beer is wine as the cross-price elasticity is . 23. A complement to beer is hard liquor as the cross-price elasticity is -0. 11. Beer is an elastic product because it is not a necessity. Demand is exceedingly affected by price. An example of this is highly popular discount brands such as Keystone Light. MolsonCoors products are every bit as elastic as their competitor Anheuser-Busch. They offer discount beers as well as microbrew style beers. Beer is an inferior good. As income falls, quantity of beer demanded falls.Beer has a negative income elasticity of demand of -0. 09. This is because when society becomes richer (income modernises) things such as ok wines and spirits are substituted for beer. Beer has a couple factors working in its favor. First, the United States is in a recession, thus income is low, and the quantity demanded of beer is high. Second the marginal inf erior of beer increases as more is consumed. The utility of one beer is high but increases with every added beer. This is a major advantage to the two beer giants and their profits. There is not an innumerous supply of a given beer.This seems unimportant when no one wants tell beer, but is important when it is in high demand. Ideally, the amount of beer will fiddle (or come close to meeting) the desire for it, meeting a market equilibrium. It may not taste like it, but our beer is actually in danger. The popularity of corn-based neutral spirits has already caused a tight market for malt, one of beers lead critical ingredients, as farmers increasingly forgo the barley crops used to make it in favor of more profitable corn (Boyer, 1). This has caused a intercontinental shortage in hops, thus a large increase in price.Barley has risen from $157. 6 USD per metric ton in abut 2007 to $202. 53 USD per metric ton. The other key ingredient in beer (along with water), hops is a flowe r that gives beer flavor and aroma (Boyer, 1). The shortage comes after a decade-long surplus discouraged farmers from planting the crop, which grows on trestles and can take old age to mature (Boyer, 1). Since 1994, the amount of farm acreage planted in hops worldwide has declined by about half (Boyer, 1). Together, the two mean the beer industry now faces a 10 to 15 percent shortage (Boyer, 1). On the upside, water, aluminum and yeast are widely available and have unchangeable prices.According to MolsonCoors financials, their total revenue (p x q) is $3,254,000. We can assume that they bewray every beer at about $3 which would make their quantity sell at approximately 1,084,667 cans. Thats billions This business model seems to be working. Molson Coors is soon earning economic profits. Their afoot(predicate) net income is 670 million dollars. The stockholders rightfulness is currently 7,779. The current prime rate is 3. 5% so by multiplying that by the stockholders equity we can assume the owners implicit costs are approximately 272. 7 million dollars. MolsonCoors generates profits of about 397. 03 million dollars per year.Beer is a profitable product because it is widely sold in many markets and, disrespect rising costs, fairly inexpensive to produce. Since MolsonCoors has been a company for many age, they have low long run average total costs. Over the years they have been able to decrease their operating costs and increase output signal and in doing so, reaching a point of economies of scale. Below is a fabricated example of how as quantity rises, total costs only rise a little bit.

The Value of Digital Privacy in an Information Technology Age

Running head The Value of Digital screen in an Information Technology Age 1 The Value of Digital Privacy in an Information Technology Age Tara Brooks Professor Bristow, J. D. Law, ethical motive and Corporate Governance, LEG 500 4 May 2012 Abstract How legion(predicate) of us get hold of paused during communication in the past several years, of a sudden aw atomic number 18 that you might be eavesdropped on? Probably it was a name conversation, although maybe it was an e-mail or instant-message veer or a conversation in a public place.Maybe the topic was terrorism, or politics, or your church building service. You pause suddenly, momentarily afraid that your words might be interpreted out of context, and then you laugh at your paranoia and go on. But your carriage has changed, and your words are subtly altered. Privacy is a growing reach in the United States and around the world. As we change magnitudely use the profit and the datemingly boundary less options for collecting, saving, sharing, and comparing breeding trigger consumers worries.Online practices of business and government agencies may present new ways to agree privacy, and e-commerce and technologies that make a wide range of personal reading useable to any mavin with a Web browser only begin to hint at the possibilities for inappropriate or unwarranted intrusion into our personal lives. Privacy is very(prenominal) important-especially on the profits. It is amazing how many websites are designed to reveal nonpublic details astir(predicate) tribeactually it is a little chilling. In this paper, I go forth be discussing different topics on the value of digital privacy. Keywords privacy, personal knowledge, digital privacy . List and describe at to the lowest degree three (3) technologies that throw in the towel an soul to research citizens orphic data. The three technologies that allow an individual to research citizens private data are gentletooth, GPS, and Google (Internet). T he first engineering science I will discuss is Bluetooth. Bluetooth has several ways it finish be hacked. round ways are blue jacking, blue snarfing, and blue bugging. In blue jacking, soulfulness might vent unsolicited messages to the dupe in the form of a business card or a peregrine contact with a text that may look intimidating to read. In many cases, someone may withal send sounds akin a ring tone.The victims mobile could then be infiltrated and he/she might never know what has happened. Blue jacking messages clear also be viewed as spam messages with emails. There prepare also been reports about passel getting hacked by Trojan Horses which could mean a serious compromise. Blue snarfing is considered a serious compromise in the category of Bluetooth hacking especially if the information vulnerable, is quite critical, as such attacks can allow someone entree to victims contact list, text messages, emails and even private photos and videos. In blue bugging, someone u ses sophisticated attacks to gain control of victims mobile.It works just like Trojan horses, where someone can hold the users phone the way he/she desires by put to death commands on the victims phone. The hacker could forward mobile calls from the victims mobile to his own device and can even pull wires the mobile to follow a Bluetooth headset instructions like receive call, send messages etc. (Hubs by Hassam, 2011) The second engineering is GPS. A GPS undercuting whole enables you to determine the precise location of person, vehicle or other tendency. GPS (Global lieu System) is the only functional system, which can record the position of an object at regular intervals.A GPS tracking unit is so helpful that it can hive away the recorded location data within the tracking unit. Satellite transmits signals that can be intercepted by GPS receivers to find the precise location of any object you are searching for. Aside from making driving easier, the on-board electronics revolu tion has addicted some people a new direction in their lives. Unfortunately, it could assimilate them just into your bedroom or living room. These people are GPS thieves. When they mis agree your device, they sometimes get more than just an electronics item they can give for $100 or more on the street. They get your home address.With the pushing of a besideston, one common navigational feature, the home setting, fully automates the fulfill of directing you to your home a convenience that burglars and stalkers are sure to appreciate. Its complete to turn your free-floating anxiety about data theft into full-blown paranoia about home invasion. About two years ago, thieves stole a reckon of Acura cars from a corporations garage in Atlanta, and, in three cases, they used the GPS units in the cars to find and then burglarize employees homes. (Gary Thomas, Thieves Target GPS Devices to Find Out Where You cash in ones chips, December 2009)The final technology is Google. Our clas s exchanged names with one another. We went to the lab to find information on the person that we were given. It is amazing and scary to see how much information can be discovered from Google. Some information is phone numbers, addresses, and where someone actually lives. I can scarcely type in the name of the person or business, preferably with quote marks around the name, and if the phone number has been entered somewhere on the Web, than it will come up in my search results. I can also find all sorts of useful information with Google Maps, simply by type in an address.In fact, I can use Google Maps to view an entire neighborhood. 2. talk about the advantages and disadvantages of public gravel to this information, both for the researchers and those who are being investigated. One primary(prenominal) advantage and disadvantage of blue tooth is that I am in take care From a researchers view, Im able to exchange data across my cell phone, Im still have the ability to keep my i nformation private. In order to make a transfer or allow someone to access the files on the phone, I would have to give them access by accepting or rejecting the put across through my phone.As someone being investigated, I need to ensure if I have the Bluetooth feature enabled on the phone and not disabled musical composition using it, others that I may not even know necessitate to send me a file. Implementing security, even for these types of device pairings, can prevent an wildcat user from using the headset. As someone that is investigated, I would definitely fatality to keep my information such as contacts, addresses and other information private and safe. Some of the advantages of GPS are that it can track lost items and it can track people.As a researcher, I realize that the crime rate keeps on increasing in any part of the world and a lot of super valuable objects have been, and will, be stolen. It doesnt matter how irrelevant you view an object or equipment is to oth ers if it is something that is very expensive you should make sure you put together a GPS tracking system on it. As a researcher, I can found my item or child quickly. Many phones have GPS capabilities that young children and teens may not know about this is a great access if a child goes missing.As a person that is investigated, the disadvantage of GPS technology that can save lives can also provide a framework for invasion of privacy. According to the Electronic Frontier Foundation, locational privacy is the ability of an individual to move in public space with the expectation that under rule circumstances their location will not be systematically and secretly recorded for later use. (Peyton Brookes, Advantages Disadvantages of Mobile Tracking, 2012) As a researcher, information is plausibly the biggest advantage that Internet offers.Internet is a virtual treasure highway of information. any(prenominal) kind of information on any topic under the solarise is available on t he Internet. The search engines like Google, Yahoo are at your service on the Internet. There is a huge amount of information available on the Internet for just about every sacrificeoff known to man, ranging from government law and services, trade fairs and conferences, market information, new ideas and proficient support, the list is endless. Also as a researcher, Internet has made purport very convenient. With numerous online services I can now behave all my transactions online.I can book tickets for a movie, transfer funds, pay utility bills, taxes etc. , from my computer. Some travel websites even plan an way as per my preferences and take care of airline tickets, hotel reservations etc. As someone that is investigated, if I use the Internet for online banking, social networking or other services, I may risk a theft to my personal information such as name, address, credit card number etc. Evil people can access this information through unsecured connections or by planting software and then use my personal details for their benefit. uncalled-for to say, this may land me in serious trouble.Google stores enormous amounts of data to actor its Web search and advertising engines, and many privacy advocates have repeatedly raised concerns over the amount of personal information Google has the ability to access. 3. fit what measures citizens can take to protect private information or information they do not want to be disclosed. Some measures that citizens can take to protect private information are use different passwords for every account. It is easy to use the same password for each account that you have, but it is not safe or wise. Hackers have tools specifically designed to breach into accounts.A strong password contains letters, numbers, different cases, and symbols. another(prenominal) way, if you have old online accounts that are not being used, closes them. Hackers could use them to infiltrate your more important accounts. take hold of rid of t hem. If you cant remember where you have old accounts search your email inbox with queries like registered, confirm or your account to find email records of old accounts. Another measure to do is go paperless. Bank and credit card statements can contain social security or account information. Check with these agencies to see if you can go paperless, and use a secure online portal for your transactions. . talk about a federal law that grants the federal government the legal right to make private information on U. S. citizens available to the public, and whether or not you agree with this law. to fire for any reasons that are not unlawful, such as discrimination, etc. Since she did not obey company policies, she will be terminated. military man Resources will inform her if she will be receiving benefits or compensation from the company. 5. fall whether there are electronic privacy laws that can prevent others from having access to private information as well as how effective they a re. . . FEATURES- Internet DNS Security 610 -8References Halbert, T. , & Ingulli, E. (2012). Law & ethics in the business environment (7th ed. ). Mason, OH South-Western Cengage acquire http//autos. aol. com/article/gps-thief-home-invasion/ http//www. ehow. com/list_6068148_bluetooth-advantages-disadvantages. htmlixzz1u3e6jVDc http//hassam. hubpages. com/hub/Types-Of-Bluetooth-Hacks-And-Its-Security-Issues http//techgyo. com/index. php/3-major-advantages-gps-tracking-system/ixzz1u44hGdujsOME

A peak detector

Ac voltage to DC voltage and reduces the disturbance. The function fucking be explained as follow. The capacity stores the flowing cover voltage.If he stimulant drug voltage is larger, the op-amp produce goes irrefutable until the capacitor is charged up to the fresh vertex value. If the input voltage is smaller, the diode keeps the capacitor from be discharged. This superlative value of voltage that is stored on the capacitor will remain until this capacitor is discharged by a mechanical or electronic switch. Components of peak detector lap Peak detector circuit consist of both operational amplifiers (op amps), by first op amps on diode Dn is connected in parallel manner and another diode Dp is connected in series manner.And this op amp is connected to the voltage supply. Another op amp and capacitor is connected with this circuit in series. A reset switch is added to the circuit by which the value of peak value that is stored on capacitor A resistor is connected between two op amps. When choosing the resistor, the limits must be considered rdf 12 l/fc, where fm is the modulation Frequency and fc is the carrier frequency. Working of peak voltage circuit The typical peak detector uses voltage amplifiers and a diode or an emitter follower to charge the hold capacitor, CH, unidirectional.The diode conducts positive half cycles, charging the capacitor to the peak voltage value. When the input waveform move below the DC peak voltage value stored on the capacitor, the diode is reverse biased, blocking current flow from capacitor back to the source. ab initio the capacitor discharge(O V) by resetting the A that is negative in situation, Dp blocks current, TOB current is provided by 10 ohms and diode reverses leakage from drain capacitor and hindrance the output signal. If input inverting input exceed the voltage of the capacitor, he output of B races up to a positive value and current flows by dint of Dp .The voltage drop of the diode is negated due t o feedback voltage being after the drop. The capacitor charges until it has reached Vin or when Vin drops below its capacitors voltage at the duration of which A goes back into the negative saturation. The capacitor slowly discharge through the reset. This is a major source of droop on fast or low duty cycle signals since it will discharge some before. The beside wave peak A- is a unity gain output moderate that prevents the next stage from draining the capacitor.

Communication †According to Ability Essay

Whether CLT should be seeed an approach or a methodology is a to a greater result than abstract debate and here I necessitate to deal with its much practical aspects. In fact, it is those very elements, and the name itself, which fork out been used to quarrel the future relevance of CLT. Firstly, the label implies a focus on conversation and some might argue that this method cant be employed genuinely with low levels as there is no trustworthy communication, due to a limited vocabulary and restricted range of functions. Initially, legion(predicate) of a learners utterances atomic number 18 very formulaic. As an aside, consider just what percentage of our own English expressions atomic number 18 unique, and how often we curse on a set phrase just because it is delivered unselfconsciously and with rude(a) intonation does not make it original. The aim is that the length and complexity of exchanges, and convinced(p) delivery, will grow with the students row ability.With the emphasis on communication, there is also the implication that spoken exchanges should be au thereforetic and purposeful detractors claim that the artificial nature of signifierroombased (i.e. teacher created) interactions makes CLT an oxymoron. Nevertheless, a proficient teacher will provide a context so that class interactions are realistic and meaningful but with the support postulate to assist students to generate the target language. We need to consider that producing language is a skill and when we learn a skill we practise in ad-lib settings. For example, before a nurse gives a real injection, they afford perforated many a piece of fruit to h peerless their technique. Accuracy as Well as FluencyIt might also be argued that the extent of some of the structures or functions may never be used in real life. One example is adjective order I have given students an exercise where they have to produce a phrase with a string of adjectives, such as a strong, orange, Norwegian , canvas tent. This is very unnatural, as most times we only combine two or ternion adjectives. The other example is directions we have students follow a map and talk ground exhaustive directions which suggest maze-like complexity. In reality, most of us probably are only involved in a three-phase set of directions. In fact, what we are doing with these exercises is exposing students to patterns which they can later activate.This focus on accuracy versus fluency is one of the issues not often considered in a discussion of CLT. The teacher decides to abide attention to one or other end of this band, depending on the pillowcase of lesson, or the stage of a particular lesson, and accuracy is their choice if they sine qua non to deal with students getting things right, take an opportunity for correction, or gauge the winner of their teaching, for example. Freer speaking involves more choice, therefore more ambiguity, and less teacher intervention. turn CLT implies the lessons are more student-centred, this does not mean they are un-structured. The teacher does have a very important role in the process, and that is setting up activities so that communication actually happens. There is a lot of didactics accuracy practice is the bridge to a fluency practise. By implication, CLT involves furnish students with vocabulary, structures and functions, as well as strategies, to enable them to interact successfully.The reference to strategies introduces the effect of grammatical versus communicative competence. If we view the two as mutually exclusive, then we are likely to champion one over the other, in terms of approach, curriculum or whatever else determines and defines our classroom teaching. In fact, Canale and Swains model of communicative competence, referred to by Guangwei Hu, includes four sub-categories, namely grammatical, socio lingual handling and strategic. They consider someone competent in English should demonstrate two rules of grammar and us e. Promoting LearningThis returns us to the consideration of who we are teaching, and why. Are our students aiming to learn or acquire English? Do they need to know lexical items and linguistic rules as a means of passing an exam, or do they want to be able to interact in English? For those inclined to aver the dichotomy between learning and acquisition, and who argue that our primary focus is learners, CLT compose has relevance. It is timely to review an early definition of CLT. According to Richards and Rodgers, in Guangwei Hu, CLT is basically about promoting learning.Then again, Mark Lowe suggests that we follow Hallidays lead and dissolve the distinction between learning and acquisition, and refer to language mastery instead. aft(prenominal) all, if the students master the language, they will certainly be able to perform repair in exams, if that is their goal. In addition, those who do see a purpose beyond classroom-related English will be better equipped for using the la nguage socially. MotivationOne of the constant discussions in all my teacher training groups was how to motivate students. This suggests that the focus on passing the exam was not constantly enough. Motivation relates to engaging students but also includes confidence building. If there is a climate of trust and support in the classroom, then students are more likely to contribute. One way of developing this is to allow pair-checking of answers before open-class checking occurs. other way is to include an opportunity for students to discuss a topic in small groups before there is any expectation that they speak in front of the whole class. Evelyn Doman suggests that The need for ongoing negotiation during interaction increases the learners clear corporation It is this involvement we need to harness and build on.Sometimes the participation is hardly what we would define as negotiation, but merely a contribution. For a few students, just uttering a word or a phrase can be an achiev ement. Indeed, some of the teachers in the training sessions utter this was the goal they set for their more reticent pupils. And I have had students who, afterward writing their first note or e-mail in English, explicit their pride at being able to do so.If teachers consider an activity to be irrelevant or not engaging enough, there are many other tasks which may be more appropriate, such as surveys, using a stimulus picture and prompt questions (Who Where WhenWhat), or a series of pictures which need to be sequenced before a story is discussed. In this respect, CLT addresses another area which constantly challenges teachers, the mixed-ability class. When the lesson progresses to a freer-speaking activity, students can contribute harmonize to their ability and confidence, although I acknowledge both need to be stretched. So there is a challenge for the more capable students, while those with an median(a) ability still feel their effort is valid. This compares with the less crea tive opportunities offered by some textbooks, where students read a dialogue, perhaps doing a substitution activity, for example.A basic responsibility is considering and responding to the needs of our students, so if the course book is unforesightful we need to employ the following steps select, adapt, reject and supplement. Moreover, because each class we teach has its own characteristics and needs, CLT will vary each time we employ it. ConclusionToo often, a new approach appears to completely apprize the previous one. This is not always the intention, but probably more a result of the enthusiasm of practitioners exploring and implementing fresh activities or opportunities. Also, throughout the CLT debate, there look to be dichotomies which are employed to argue for its irrelevance. It is evident that CLT has gathered a range of characteristics, perhaps more through misunderstanding or by association, but it is actually not as incompatible with other wanted practices as it is sometimes made to appear.